我国收入差距对经济增长影响的研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 17:09

本文关键词：我国收入差距对经济增长影响的研究　出处：《吉林财经大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：经济的健康稳定持续增长和收入的公平合理有序分配历来都是人类在社会发展过程中不懈追求的两大目标。在改革开放三十多年中,我国经济以近两位数的高速增长创造了世界经济发展史上的奇迹,于2010年跃居为仅次于美国的世界第二大经济体。但是,随着经济的高速增长,国内居民收入也发生了不均衡增长,收入差距从严重的平均主义发展为收入差距过大,基尼系数已经从改革开放前的0.16上升至目前的0.5左右。逐步扩大的收入差距已经影响到有效需求、人力资本投资、产业结构升级、政治经济稳定进而影响了经济的增长。早在2001年,中国经济已进入全面加速转型时期,长久以来的投资和出口的拉动使经济由短缺向过剩转变,由收入差距过大造成的国内消费需求不足成为了制约经济进一步增长的主要因素。因此,有必要对我国收入差距对经济增长的影响这一问题在经济加速转型框架下进行进一步的研究,结合我国当前经济发展实际提出调整收入差距的对策建议。这对于我国全面建成小康社会,进而建成富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家、实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦具有重要的理论和现实意义。本文遵照历史与逻辑相统一的原则采用理论联系实际、定性分析与定量分析相结合、规范分析与实证分析相结合的研究方法,综合采用政治经济学、西方经济学、发展经济学和现代计量经济学的分析工具,围绕收入差距与经济增长的关系展开分析。首先,对增长与分配的理论进行梳理;其次,从总体收入差距与经济增长趋势、城乡收入差距与二元经济结构差异、地区收入差距与经济发展不平衡、行业收入差距与行政垄断的存在四方面对我国收入差距与经济增长的现状进行了考察;再次,分别从理论与实证两个层面就收入差距对经济增长的影响进行分析,理论层面,收入差距通过影响消费需求、投资需求、产业结构以及政治经济的稳定进而对经济增长产生影响。实证层面,利用我国2001-2013年的31个省、自治区及直辖市的相关面板数据构建固定效应模型进行分析,得出结论:收入差距在很大程度上抑制了经济的增长,而且通过消费需求机制对经济增长产生较大的负效应;最后,结合我国经济发展现实从增加农民收入、统筹城乡协调发展、打破行业垄断、坚持按劳分配的主体地位等方面提出对策建议以缩小收入差距。以期促进我国经济和社会的长期稳定发展。
[Abstract]:Healthy and stable economic growth and income distribution has always been fair and reasonable and orderly two goals of the human pursuit in the process of social development. In the thirty years of reform and opening up, China's economy nearly two digit growth has created a miracle in the history of the world economy in 2010, ranked as the second largest economy in the world after the United States. However, with the rapid economic growth, the income of domestic residents has also undergone a balanced growth, the income gap from the serious equalitarianism for the development of the income gap is too large, Gene's coefficient from 0.16 before the reform and opening up to about 0.5. The widening income gap has affected the effective demand of human capital. Investment, the upgrading of the industrial structure, political and economic stability and affect the economic growth. In early 2001, China economy has entered the accelerated transition period, long long The investment and export driven economy to change from shortage to surplus, the income gap is too large due to the lack of domestic consumer demand has become a major factor restricting the further economic growth. Therefore, it is necessary for China's income gap on economic growth this problem in the economic transition under the framework of further research, combined with the countermeasures and suggestions of China's current economic development put forward the adjustment of income gap. It is good for our country to build a well-off society, and then built a prosperous, democratic and civilized and harmonious modern socialist country, has important theoretical and practical significance to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation China dream. In accordance with the unified principle of history and logic theory with practice, qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, normative analysis and empirical analysis methods combined with the comprehensive use of political economics, western Party economics, development economics and modern econometric analysis tools, focus on the relationship between income gap and economic growth are analyzed. Firstly, the growth and distribution theory; secondly, from the overall trend of the income gap and economic growth, the differences between urban and rural income gap and the economic structure of two yuan, the regional income gap and the economic development is not balanced there are four, the income gap between the industry and the administrative monopoly were investigated facing the present situation of income gap and economic growth in China; thirdly, respectively from the two aspects of theory and Empirical Analysis on the income gap on economic growth analysis, the theoretical level, the income gap by influencing consumer demand, investment demand, industrial structure and political economy stability and impact on economic growth. The empirical level, the use of 2001-2013 in our 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government related panel data of city construction Fixed effect model analysis, draw the conclusion: the income gap in inhibiting the growth of the economy to a great extent, and the consumption mechanism of large negative effect on economic growth; finally, combined with China's economic development from the reality of increasing farmers' income, urban and rural coordinated development, to break the monopoly of the industry, adhere to the policy of distribution according to work status and other aspects put forward the countermeasures and suggestions to narrow the income gap. In order to promote the long-term stable development of China's economy and society.

【学位授予单位】：吉林财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F124.7

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