叶圣陶小学国语教科书选文研究

发布时间：2018-01-16 05:34

本文关键词：叶圣陶小学国语教科书选文研究　出处：《山东师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：民国时期教科书重新进入人们的视野并备受热捧，缘于其与现行语文教科书的对比过程中展现出的独特魅力。叶圣陶先生终身从事教科书的编写工作，其在民国时期主编的小学国语教科书具有独特的教育研究价值，无论从数量上还是质量上都可以作为研究民国教科书的典型范例。本文的研究对象主要为叶圣陶主编的三套教科书：第一套为1933年版八册初小《开明国语课本》影印版及1936年版四册高小《开明国语课本》影印版（八册初小课本与四册高小课本以下统称《开明国语课本》），第二套为1942年版第二册《普益国语课本》及1943年版第三、五册《普益国语课本》影印版（第一册待查），第三套为1948年版《儿童国语读本》、《少年国语读本》及1949年版《幼童国语读本》。通过对教科书选文的分析，探索其选文的特点，旨在为现行的语文教科书编写提供一些借鉴。本研究分五部分：第一部分是对选题缘起、意义及已有研究的综述，旨在拟定本研究的路径。第二部分是从叶圣陶个人经历的角度，梳理其在民国时期与小学国语教科书编写有关的履历，可知叶圣陶先生毕业后首先在小学担任教职，其后分别在商务印书馆以及开明书店从事编辑工作，这些经历为其编写小学国语教科书奠定了基础，积累了经验。在此基础上，简要介绍叶圣陶编写的小学国语教科书，分别从政治、经济、文化教育等方面阐述了三套小学国语教科书的编写背景，并简要介绍了各套国语教科书的基本体例，旨在对教科书的编写背景和结构进行宏观得介绍。第三部分则是对叶圣陶编写的三套小学国语教科书选文进行多视角的分析，包括选文的内容、形式、来源和编排四个方面，，其选文的内容主要从“生活生产”、“自然地理”等七个题材着手进行分析，选文的形式主要从其体裁、语用以及语言三个维度进行分析，选文主要来源于创作与改编，重点分析了改编来源，而选文的编排主要是分析了各套教科书的单元组元方式，这一部分旨在对该教科书选文进行系统的梳理。第四部分是基于第三部分的深化分析，在实用主义思潮教育、国家主义教育思潮科学教育思潮等影响下，选文呈现出以儿童为中心、渗透国家观念、重视科学性与规范性、注重职业启蒙的特点，在此基础上笔者分析了选文的价值与不足。第五部分是在叶圣陶编写的三套小学国语教科书选文研究的基础上对现行语文教科书选文的审视与思考。笔者采用不同于以往的更加合理的分类依据对叶圣陶小学国语教科书选文的题材、体裁进行分类分析，在选文的内容形式的分析上选取的角度更加周全细致，并根据时代背景深刻剖析了选文奥秘，为当下的教科书选文提出了可操作的方法指导。
[Abstract]:During the period of the Republic of China, textbooks re-entered the people's field of vision and became popular because of the unique charm shown in the process of comparing them with the current Chinese textbooks. Mr. Ye Shengtao was engaged in the compilation of textbooks all his life. The primary school mandarin textbook edited in the period of the Republic of China has unique educational research value. Whether in quantity or quality, it can be used as a typical example of studying the textbooks of the Republic of China. The research object of this paper is the three sets of textbooks edited by Ye Shengtao. The first set is the 1933 edition of the eighth edition of the first edition of the "enlightened mandarin textbook" and the 1936 edition of the four volumes of the high-grade "enlightened mandarin textbook" photocopy (. Eight elementary textbooks and four books of high primary textbooks are referred to below as "enlightened Mandarin textbooks"). The second set is the 1942 edition of the second edition of the "Puyi Mandarin textbook" and the 1943 edition of the third, five copies of the "Puyi Mandarin textbook" photocopies (Volume 1 to be found). The third is the 1948 edition of Children's Mandarin Reader, the 1949 edition of Young Children's Mandarin Reader, and the 1949 edition of Young Children's Mandarin Reader. Through the analysis of the selection of textbooks, this paper explores the characteristics of the selected texts. The purpose is to provide some reference for the current Chinese textbook compilation. This research is divided into five parts: the first part is a summary of the origin, significance and existing research of the topic, aiming to draw up the path of this study. The second part is from the perspective of Ye Shengtao's personal experience. Combing his curriculum vitae related to the compilation of primary school Mandarin textbooks in the Republic of China, we can see that Mr. Ye Shengtao first held a teaching post in primary school after graduation, and then engaged in editing work in the business press and the enlightened bookstore respectively. These experiences have laid the foundation and accumulated experience for the compilation of primary school mandarin textbooks. On this basis, this paper briefly introduces the primary school Mandarin textbooks compiled by Ye Shengtao, respectively from the political and economic aspects. From the aspects of culture and education, this paper expounds the background of compiling three sets of primary school mandarin textbooks, and briefly introduces the basic styles of each set of Mandarin textbooks. The third part is to analyze the three sets of primary school Mandarin textbooks prepared by Ye Shengtao, including the content and form of the selection. The contents of the selected articles are mainly analyzed from the seven themes of "life production" and "natural geography", and the forms of the selected articles are mainly from their genres. Pragmatic and language analysis of the three dimensions, the main source of text selection is from creation and adaptation, focusing on the source of adaptation, and the selection of text arrangement is mainly to analyze the unit of each set of textbooks. Part 4th is based on the further analysis of the third part, under the influence of pragmatism education, national education trend of thought, scientific education trend and so on. The selected articles show the characteristics of taking children as the center, infiltrating the concept of the country, paying attention to the scientific and normative, and paying attention to the professional enlightenment. On the basis of this, the author analyzes the value and deficiency of selecting articles. Part 5th examines and ponders the selection of current Chinese textbooks on the basis of the study of three sets of primary school mandarin textbooks prepared by Ye Shengtao. The author uses different from the previous more reasonable classification basis to Ye Shengtao primary school Mandarin textbook selection theme, genre classification analysis, in the selection of the content form of the analysis of the angle is more comprehensive and meticulous. According to the background of the times, this paper deeply analyzes the mystery of selecting text, and puts forward an operational method to guide the current textbook selection.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G623.2

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