农村治理中的精英流失及其对策研究

发布时间：2018-01-16 22:20

本文关键词：农村治理中的精英流失及其对策研究　出处：《青岛大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：从传统农村的乡绅治理到现在农村的村民自治,我国的村级治理都是一种农村精英主导下的治理模式。农村精英作为村级治理的一个重要群体,在我国的农村治理中发挥着重要的政治功能、经济功能和社会文化功能,对于维持村庄秩序稳定、促进农村社会发展起着重要的作用。随着目前我国城乡差距的不断扩大,越来越多的农村精英为寻求更好的发展涌向城市,造成了农村精英流失的严重现象,并对村庄的政治、经济和文化的发展产生了不利的影响,从而不利于农村社会的有效治理。村庄的治理离不开农村精英的参与,农村精英的流失成为当前我国村级治理中的一个瓶颈,急需采取有效的措施来应对当前农村精英的大量流失,进而完善有效的农村治理。本文认为农村精英是在村庄中具有较大的影响力、占有一定的资源、拥有一定的技能和优势的那批人,在当前的村级治理中农村精英存在三种类型——政治精英、经济精英和社会精英。农村精英的形成是一个过程,他们在村级治理中发挥着推进农村政治化进程、带领村民发家致富、传承农村传统文化等政治、经济和社会文化方面的功能。笔者通过对山东省某个村的实地调查发现了当今农村精英流失存在政治精英影响力弱化、经济精英外流严重和农村留守精英水平有限的状况,认为由于农村社会环境“滑坡”、城乡经济发展极端不平衡和农村系统认同度降低造成了农村精英的流失,以及阐述了农村精英流失后,对村庄的政治、经济以及文化所造成的不利影响。基于上述两个方面,农村精英在村级治理中的重要作用和目前农村精英流失特别严重,文章结合目前农村实际,要从“完善精英流动机制”、“吸引精英流入”、“留住既有精英”以及“培育新的精英人才”四个方面应对农村精英的流失。
[Abstract]:From the traditional rural gentry governance to the present villager autonomy, the village-level governance in China is a kind of governance mode under the leadership of the rural elite. The rural elite as an important group of village-level governance. In our country rural governance plays an important political function, economic function and social and cultural function, to maintain the stability of the village order. Promotion of rural social development plays an important role. With the increasing gap between urban and rural areas, more and more rural elites are flocking to cities for better development, resulting in a serious phenomenon of the loss of rural elites. And the political, economic and cultural development of the village has a negative impact, which is not conducive to the effective governance of rural society. Village governance can not be separated from the participation of the rural elite. The loss of rural elite has become a bottleneck in village-level governance in our country. It is urgent to take effective measures to deal with the mass loss of rural elite. And then improve effective rural governance. This paper believes that the rural elite in the village has a greater influence, a certain amount of resources, with a certain number of skills and advantages of the people. In the current village governance, there are three types of rural elite-political elite, economic elite and social elite. The formation of rural elite is a process, they play a role in promoting the process of rural politicization in village governance. Lead the villagers to become rich and inherit the rural traditional culture and other politics. The author through the field investigation of a village in Shandong Province found that there is a weakening of the influence of the political elite in the rural elite drain. Due to the serious outflow of economic elite and the limited level of rural left-behind elite, it is believed that the extreme imbalance of urban and rural economic development and the decrease of rural system identity caused the loss of rural elite due to the "decline" of rural social environment. And elaborated after the rural elite drain, the village politics, the economy as well as the culture causes the unfavorable influence. Based on the above two aspects. The important role of the rural elite in the village governance and the loss of the rural elite are especially serious at present. Combining with the current rural reality, the article should "perfect the mechanism of elite flow" and "attract the elite to flow in". "retain the existing elite" and "cultivate new elite talent" four aspects to deal with the loss of rural elite.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D422.6

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