山东汉画像石中的农具研究

发布时间：2018-01-17 23:22

本文关键词：山东汉画像石中的农具研究　出处：《哈尔滨师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：自古以来山东地区是政治经济文化的中心,在汉代山东地区的农业和农具发展水平已经达到了非常高的程度,山东地区的经济、文化及文学艺术发展水平也已经达到一定高度。汉画像石出现于西汉中晚期,它是历史文明的缩影,山东地区拥有相当数量的汉画像石,但是目前有关汉画像石的研究范围不是很全面,特别是国内外对于汉画像中的农具研究还是较为薄弱。本文将以此为切入点,并注重结合当时的社会背景、地域背景开展研究。本文通过实地调研,考察武梁祠和滕州汉画像石展览馆等画像石实物,大量阅读画像石图册,收集整理汉画像石中的农具图片并加以研究。论文以耕地、种地、灌溉、粮食加工为逻辑主线,详细研究山东地区当时的耕垦农具、汲水农具和粮食加工农具。第一章绪论,进行国内外文献梳理,国内图片文献较多,非常直观的展现了全国各地的汉画像石图片,其中山东地区农耕图像资源尤为丰富。第二章围绕耕垦农具做研究,分析牛耕出现时间以及牛耕与马耕的使用问题,梳理了单牛驾和二牛抬杠的归类,从出土的文物看耕犁与犁耕的关系,从而揭示出牛耕是当时耕种的主要动力,它的应用是耕种进入新时代的标志。第三章研究汲水农具,主要有辘轳和桔槔,分析两种汲水农具的结构,出现时间以及应用问题。第四章研究杵臼,分析古代与现代的应用意义。第五章介绍了其他的农耕石刻,拾粪图和神农执耒图等其他有代表的汉画像石。通过上述研究,以期还原山东当时的农业生产概况,为了解山东地区的农业历史提供重要参考。总之,汉画像石生动还原了当时的历史,是汉代文化最好的遗存,是技术史研究的瑰宝。相信随着我国未来考古发掘工作的进展,会为本研究提供更新、更有价值的珍贵史料。
[Abstract]:Shandong has been the center of political economy and culture since ancient times. In the Han Dynasty, the development level of agriculture and agricultural tools in Shandong has reached a very high level, and the economy of Shandong has reached a very high level. The development level of culture and literature and art has also reached a certain height. The Han Dynasty stone relief appeared in the late Western Han Dynasty, it is the epitome of historical civilization, Shandong region has a considerable number of Han stone. However, the current research on the Han stone is not very comprehensive, especially the domestic and foreign research on the agricultural tools in the Han portrait is still relatively weak. This article will take this as the starting point, and pay attention to the combination of the social background at that time. Through field investigation, this paper investigates the stone relief objects such as Wuliang Temple and Teng Zhou Han Stones Exhibition Hall, and reads a large number of stone portraits. Collecting and sorting out the pictures of agricultural implements in Han Dynasty stone and studying them. This paper takes cultivated land, land cultivation, irrigation and grain processing as the logical main line, and studies in detail the cultivated tools in Shandong area at that time. The first chapter is introduction to the domestic and foreign literature combing, domestic picture literature is more, very intuitive to show the Han stone images from all over the country. The second chapter focuses on the cultivation of agricultural tools to do research, analysis of the time of cattle cultivation and the use of cattle and horse farming problems, combing the single cattle driving and the second cattle lift bar classification. Looking at the relationship between ploughing and ploughing from unearthed cultural relics, it is revealed that cattle tillage was the main motive force of cultivation at that time, and its application was the sign of farming entering a new era. This paper analyzes the structure, time and application of two kinds of agricultural tools for drawing water. Chapter 4th studies the pestle and mortar, and analyzes the application significance of ancient and modern. Chapter 5th introduces other agricultural stone carvings. Through the above study, we hope to restore the general situation of agricultural production in Shandong at that time, and provide an important reference for understanding the agricultural history of Shandong. Han Dynasty stone relief vividly restored the history of that time, is the best remains of Han culture, is a treasure of the history of technology. I believe that with the progress of archaeological excavation in the future, this study will provide an update. Valuable and valuable historical data.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：K879.4

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