解放战争时期新乡城市接管研究

发布时间：2018-02-25 18:40

本文关键词： 新乡市物资接管肃清敌特恢复经济　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：新乡地处华北大平原南端,北依太行山脉,南与郑州、开封相望,是豫北的政治、经济、交通中心。解放前,新乡是国民党在黄河以北的桥头堡和兵站基地。1949年5月7日,新乡和平解放,中国共产党入城接管,从此掀开新乡历史上新的一页。1948年10月,中原野战军发动郑州战役。为形成战场策应,华北野战军第十四纵队对平汉、道清铁路线上的国民党军据点和城镇连续发起进攻。至11月7日,新乡外围的原武、阳武、获嘉、汲县都获得解放,豫北的修武、焦作、武陟也相继解放,十四纵队和周边军分区部队开始对新乡形成军事合围。新乡的接管准备工作开始于1948年11月,中共新乡市委、新乡市政府和新乡市军事管制委员会相继成立,长期负责新乡城市工作的中共新乡城市工作委员会也并入到新乡市委市政府。针对新乡的城市接管,以新乡军管会为首的接管主体机关进行了思想上、政策上、组织上、物资上的一系列准备。1949年5月7日,新乡各个接管机关随警戒部队进城,新乡的城市接管工作全面展开。从1948年11月到1949年5月,驻守新乡的国民党四十军被围困达半年之久,突围无望的四十军为失败做了长时间的准备,一方面大肆分散倒卖新乡的物资,将部分国民党特务转入隐匿状态,另一方面对新乡人民进行严酷的经济剥削,致使城市经济奄奄一息。而新乡和平解放之时,困守新乡的地方武装又趁机逃散,严重危害城市接管和社会安定。新乡各接管部门在新乡军管会的领导下经过不懈努力,最终顺利完成新乡的接管工作,概括起来主要分为四个方面:第一,充分的接管准备工作,根据中共中央的城市政策和太行区的城市工作指示,新乡的接管主体不仅完善了其组织基础和物资准备,还制定了详细的接管工作草案;第二,全面接管与清查物资,依据按系统接管的原则,接管部门对新乡的国民党旧政权进行了全面接管,由于新乡物资受到国民党守军的分散破坏,新乡接管部门依靠广大人民群众开展了清查隐匿、收集被分散物资的运动,使得大量物资重新回到人民手中;第三,消除不稳定因素,通过肃清敌特、处理散兵游勇和旧职员、登记国民党和三青团等反动党团,新乡基本实现了社会安定,为城市经济的恢复和新秩序建立奠定基础;第四,建立新的社会秩序,新乡的接管主体通过政策指导、帮扶性措施、复工运动等一系列举措,实现了新乡城市经济的初步恢复。在社会秩序安定、城市经济恢复的背景下,新乡城市各界人民代表会成立并代行新乡市人民代表大会权力,标志着新乡城市接管工作基本完成,新乡城市新秩序正式确立。
[Abstract]:Located at the southern tip of the North China Plain, Xinxiang is located in the Taihang Mountains in the north, Zhengzhou in the south, and Kaifeng in the south. It is the political, economic and transportation center of northern Henan. Before liberation, Xinxiang was the bridgehead and military base of the Kuomintang north of the Yellow River. May 7th 1949. Xinxiang was peacefully liberated and the Chinese Communist Party took over the city, opening a new page in Xinxiang's history. On October 1948, the Central Plains Field Army launched the Battle of Zhengzhou. In order to form a battlefield response, the 14th column of the North China Field Army fought against the Ping Han Dynasty. The Kuomintang army strongholds and towns on the Daqing railway line launched continuous attacks. By November 7th, the outlying areas of Xinxiang, Yuanwu, Yangwu, Hujia and Kap counties had all been liberated, and Xiuwu, Jiaozuo and Wuzhi in the north of Henan had been liberated one after another. The 14 column and the surrounding military units began to form a military alliance with Xinxiang. Preparations for the takeover of Xinxiang began on November 1948, and the Xinxiang Municipal Committee, the Xinxiang Municipal Government, and the Xinxiang City military Control Commission were established one after another. The CPC Xinxiang Urban work Committee, which has been in charge of Xinxiang urban work for a long time, has also been incorporated into the Xinxiang Municipal Committee and municipal government. In view of the Xinxiang urban takeover, the main take-over agency headed by the Xinxiang military Administration Council has carried out ideological, policy, and organizational work. A series of material preparations. On May 7th 1949, the various take-over agencies in Xinxiang went into the city with the guard units, and the urban takeover work in Xinxiang was carried out in full. From November 1948 to May 1949, the Kuomintang 40 troops stationed in Xinxiang were besieged for six months. The 40 Army, which had no hope of breaking out, made a long preparation for the defeat. On the one hand, it scattered and sold the supplies of Xinxiang, turning some Kuomintang agents into a hidden state; on the other hand, it exploited the people of Xinxiang severely. As a result of the moribund urban economy, when Xinxiang was peacefully liberated, the local armed forces trapped in Xinxiang fled again, seriously endangering the urban takeover and social stability. Under the leadership of the Xinxiang military Management Council, the take-over departments in Xinxiang made unremitting efforts. To sum up, the successful completion of the takeover of Xinxiang was mainly divided into four aspects: first, adequate preparations for the takeover, according to the urban policy of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the instructions for urban work in Taihang District, The take-over body of Xinxiang not only improved its organizational basis and material preparation, but also formulated a detailed draft of the take-over work. Second, the overall takeover and inventory of materials, according to the principle of systematic takeover, The take-over department took over the old Kuomintang regime in the New Township. Since the New Township material was scattered and destroyed by the Kuomintang garrison, the New Township takeover Department relied on the broad masses of the people to carry out a campaign to check and hide and collect the dispersed materials. A large number of goods were returned to the hands of the people; third, by eliminating factors of instability, eliminating enemy and special features, handling scattered soldiers and old staff, registering reactionary regiments such as the Kuomintang and the three Youth League, the New Township basically achieved social stability. To lay the foundation for the restoration of urban economy and the establishment of a new order; in 4th, to establish a new social order, and to adopt a series of measures such as policy guidance, supportive measures, resumption of work movement, etc. Under the background of social order and urban economic recovery, the people's Congress of Xinxiang City from all walks of life was set up and exercised the power of the people's Congress of Xinxiang City on behalf of the people's Congress of Xinxiang City. Marks the completion of the new township city takeover work, the new order of the new township city was formally established.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K266

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