布干维尔分离主义运动研究

发布时间：2018-03-05 01:39

本文选题：布干维尔岛　切入点：分离主义运动　出处：《聊城大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：布干维尔岛目前是巴布亚新几内亚(以下简称“巴新”)境内唯一的自治区,也是距离巴新中央政府最遥远的省份。在20世纪60-70年代,正值太平洋地区非殖民化运动快速推进的时期,巴新却面临着国家分裂的威胁,爆发了布干维尔分离主义运动。此次分离危机成为了太平洋地区自二战以来死亡人数最多、最血腥、最具破坏性的暴力冲突。布干维尔岛内的的分离主义运动主要分为三大阶段。第一阶段是分离主义运动的开端阶段(20世纪50年代—80年代):在这一阶段,由于政治、经济、文化等多方面因素的影响,布干维尔地区分离主义开始抬头,主要通过和平抗议、静坐等手段来要求巴新政府正视布干维尔要求分离的立场,基本上还处于可控阶段。第二阶段是暴力冲突的阶段(20世纪80年代末—90年代末):在这一阶段,布干维尔地区陷入混乱局面,巴布亚新几内亚政府与布干维尔革命军之间开始出现暴力交火。后来布干维尔革命军内部逐渐产生分化,分化出来的布干维尔抵抗军开始与巴布亚新几内亚政府军合作,使布干维尔地区与巴新大陆的战争转换为布干维尔地区的内部战争。战争持续了近十年的时间,后来双方都疲于作战,在澳大利亚、新西兰等周边国家及联合国的协助之下,终于交战各方达成停火协议,持续多年的战争最终告一段落。第三阶段是重回和平轨道阶段(20世纪90年代末—21世纪初):在这一阶段,布干维尔分离危机开始走向和平阶段,最终在2001年签署了《布干维尔和平协议》,布干维尔和平问题得到了阶段性解决。布干维尔岛在历史上深受殖民势力的影响,即使是在1975年巴布亚新几内亚获得国家独立之后,该地区仍然没有摆脱遭受残余殖民势力掠夺的命运。由于布干维尔岛与巴新大陆无论是在地理位置上还是在文化传统上,甚至是在肤色上都有明显差异,未来双方必定还会在诸多问题上产生矛盾,如何使双方在保持和平的前提下解决矛盾和问题,都值得深入思考。
[Abstract]:Bougainville is currently in Papua New Guinea (hereinafter referred to as "PNG") within the territory of the autonomous region only, but also from the central government of Papua New Guinea the most distant provinces. In twentieth Century 60-70, the decolonization movement period of rapid advance in the Pacific region, Papua New Guinea is facing the threat of secession, the outbreak of the Bougainville separatist movement. The separation has become a crisis the number of deaths in the Pacific since World War II, the bloodiest and most destructive violence of Bougainville island. The separatist movement is mainly divided into three stages. The first stage is the beginning stage of the separatist movement (1950s - 80s): at this stage, because of the political, economic, cultural and other factors the Bougainville separatist region, began to rise, mainly through peaceful protest, meditation and other means to ask the government of Papua New Guinea is As the separation position requirements of Bougainville, basically is still in control. The second stage is the stage of violent conflict stage (late 1980s late 90s): at this stage, Bougainville region into chaos, between the government of Papua New Guinea and the Bougainville revolutionary army began fighting violence. Later within the Bougainville revolutionary army has the effect of differentiation, differentiation. The Bougainville Resistance Army began to cooperate with the government in Papua New Guinea, the Bougainville region and mainland war into Bougainville Papua New Guinea area internal war. The war lasted nearly ten years later, both sides are struggling to fight, in Australia, New Zealand and other neighboring countries and under the assistance of the United Nations, the warring parties finally reached a ceasefire agreement for years, the war finally came to an end. The third stage is to return to the track stage (20 world peace At the end of 90s and early twenty-first Century period): at this stage, the separation of Bougainville crisis began to peace, finally signed a peace agreement in 2001 on < >, the problem has been solved the Bougainville peace stage. In the history of Bougainville by the colonial power, even achieved independence in 1975, Papua NEW Guinea, the region still not get rid of suffering remnants of the colonial plundering fate. Since Bougainville and Papua New Guinea, either geographically or culturally, even there are obvious differences in color, the future of the two sides will surely on many issues contradiction, how the two sides to resolve the contradictions and problems in the premise of maintaining peace, all it is worth to think deeply.

【学位授予单位】：聊城大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K613

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