我国竞技公开水域游泳发展现状与对策的研究

发布时间：2018-03-05 03:06

本文选题：竞技公开水域游泳　切入点：发展现状　出处：《福建师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国竞技公开水域游泳的开展比较晚。我国2006年有了第一支正式的公开水域游泳队伍,2007年首次参加了在墨尔本举行的游泳世界锦标赛中的公开水域游泳赛。在短短的几年间,我国在这一项目上取得了快速的发展,但国内对于竞技公开水域游泳的研究比较少。本文采用文献资料法、专家访谈法、问卷调查法、数理统计法、比较分析法对我国竞技公开水域游泳进行了全面的调查,主要阐述了历史与现状,重点分析了我国竞技公开水域游泳具有的优势、存在的问题以及发展的策略。本文得出以下结论： 1.我国竞技公开水域游泳的发展可以划分为三个阶段：积累阶段(1950-1997),过渡阶段(1998-2005),快速发展阶段(2006年至今)。 2.我国竞技公开水域游泳的水平近年来有了较大的提高,与国外顶尖水平国家的差距逐渐缩小。男子项目差距还较大,女子项目已经具备冲击奖牌的能力。 3.影响我国竞技公开水域游泳发展的大类影响因素包括政治经济环境因素、社会环境因素、管理制度因素、竞赛制度因素、后勤保障因素、教练员因素、运动员因素、训练因素。 4.我国竞技公开水域游泳的优势因素主要有群众基础好,举国体制强有力的保障,后备人才充足,地方承办比赛积极性高,运动水平基础比较高等5个方面。 5.我国竞技公开水域游泳存在的问题主要有竞赛形式单一、竞赛次数少,后备人才充足、但选材不易,管理制度不完善,市场化不足,缺少适宜的训练场地,运动员缺乏大赛的经历,运动员缺少内在动力,教练员缺少执教经验,科研保障不足等9个方面。竞赛形式单一、奖牌数少、比赛的次数少,是造成我国运动员缺少大赛经验、缺少训练动力的重要原因,是制约我国竞技公开水域游泳发展最突出的问题。 6.我国竞技公开水域游泳发展的策略主要有适当增加比赛次数与比赛形式,领导进一步重视,加大市场化的力度、促进产业链的发展,变多头管理为专一管理、提高管理效率,完善奖励机制,扩大教练员内外交流,建设训练基地,大赛设置团体项目,加大科研保障力度等9个方面。
[Abstract]:In 2006, China had its first official open water swimming team, and in 2007 it first participated in the open water swimming competition in the swimming world championships held in Melbourne. In a few short years, China has made rapid development in this project, but there are few researches on competitive open water swimming in China. This paper adopts the methods of literature, expert interview, questionnaire, mathematical statistics, etc. The comparative analysis method has carried on the comprehensive investigation to our country athletics open water swimming, mainly elaborated the history and the present situation, emphatically analyzed our country athletics open water swimming has the superiority. This paper draws the following conclusions:. 1. The development of competitive open water swimming in China can be divided into three stages: accumulation stage (1950-1997), transition stage (1998-2005) and rapid development stage (2006 to present). 2.The level of competitive open water swimming in China has been greatly improved in recent years, and the gap with the top level countries in foreign countries has gradually narrowed. 3. The factors affecting the development of swimming in competitive open waters include political and economic environment, social environment, management system, competition system, logistics support, coaches and athletes. Training factors. 4. The dominant factors of competitive open water swimming in our country mainly include five aspects: good mass foundation, strong guarantee of national system, sufficient reserve talents, high enthusiasm of local competition, and high level of sports. 5. The main problems of swimming in competitive open waters in our country include the single form of competition, the small number of competitions, the sufficient reserve talents, but the selection of talents is not easy, the management system is not perfect, the market is insufficient, and there is a lack of suitable training ground. Athletes lack the experience of competition, athletes lack internal motivation, coaches lack experience in teaching, lack of scientific research protection, etc. The lack of competition form, the number of medals, the number of games is less, which is the result of the lack of experience of our country's athletes. The important reason of lack of training power is the most prominent problem that restricts the development of swimming in competitive open waters. 6. The main strategies for the development of competitive open water swimming in China are to increase the number of competitions and the form of competitions, to increase the attention of the leaders, to strengthen the marketization, to promote the development of the industrial chain, to change the long management into the exclusive management, and to improve the management efficiency. It is necessary to perfect the reward mechanism, expand the internal and external communication of coaches, build training bases, set up group projects in big competitions, and increase the strength of scientific research.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G861.1

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