中国“新闻寻租”的政府规制研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 07:09

本文选题：新闻寻租　切入点：政府规制　出处：《暨南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：从陈永洲判刑到郭振玺被抓,再到21世纪网新闻敲诈案件的曝光,中国“新闻寻租”现象及其造成的恶性互动效果正在渗透到报业?电视?网络等多个领域,广告新闻?车马费?提成费?有偿监督?封口费等多种新闻寻租业态不断发酵,并呈现出从个人寻租到组织寻租的蔓延趋势,作为“社会公器”的媒体,深陷“左手权力,右手利润”的悖论,公信力大大下降?本文结合上述媒体生态环境,首先对中国新闻寻租的历史演变开展研究,然后通过案例梳理分析当前新闻寻租的形式和根源,从新闻寻租的纵横坐标来立体剖析这一现象的来龙去脉及表现形态,然后在政府规制层面寻求解决方案,这一部分是通过文本、案例等方式解读政府规制在新闻寻租方面的失灵现状,继而探讨在中国特殊语境下,新闻寻租的政府规制面临哪些内外困难,如何在借鉴国外新闻评议会?同业批评?职业道德建设等先进经验的同时,探索具有中国特色的媒体规制模式,通过以宪法为基础的行业法形式,明确媒体权责边界,防止新闻报道的异化,同时也使党管媒体进一步规范化?制度化,逐渐实现从管制到治理的转变?从产业规制角度说,媒体产权主体的缺位?以及新闻人身份的多元化,使得中国业界对新闻寻租的“行业内控”不足,也阻碍了“纸上政令”的现实执行动力;媒体在具有经济人属性的同时,却没有完善的法人治理结构,亦使得”新闻寻租”呈现出和“国企腐败”类似的复杂业态?因此,本文提出,新闻寻租的政府规制须谨防“一放就乱,一管就死”,可参考国企改革经验来开展媒体体制改革,在把控整体舆论导向的前提下,明晰产权主体?董事会试点?完善员工持股?职业经理人制度等,实现媒介社会效益和经济效益的双重兼顾?本文从政治、经济、文化、社会等多重角度分析新闻寻租的原因和政府规制的难点,对策建议相对综合全面,在记者准入和退出机制、试点公共媒体、新闻法“因事成制”、仿照国企改革开展媒体改革等方面,具有一定前瞻性和现实针对性。中国传媒正处于大变局时期,传媒业价值亟待重建,新闻专业主义有待回归,只有使新闻最大限度回归人民言论自由的本质,才能使新闻媒体真正成为“舆论监督,群众喉舌,政府镜鉴,改革尖兵”?
[Abstract]:From Chen Yongzhou's sentence to Guo Zhenxi's arrest, to the exposure of news extortion cases in the 21st century, is the phenomenon of "news rent-seeking" in China and its vicious interactive effects permeating the newspaper industry?TV?Internet and other areas, advertising news?Horses?Royalty?Paid supervision?Seal fees and other forms of news rent-seeking continue to ferment and present a spreading trend from individual rent-seeking to organizational rent-seeking. As a "social public tool," the media is trapped in the paradox of "left-handed power, right-handed profit", and its credibility is greatly reduced?Based on the above-mentioned media ecological environment, this paper first studies the historical evolution of Chinese news rent-seeking, and then analyzes the forms and root causes of current news rent-seeking through a case study.From the vertical and horizontal coordinates of news rent-seeking to analyze the origin and manifestation of this phenomenon, and then in the level of government regulation to find a solution, this part is through the text,This paper analyzes the failure of government regulation in news rent-seeking, and then discusses what internal and external difficulties the government regulation of news rent-seeking is facing in the special context of China, and how to learn from foreign news consultative councils.Peer criticism?At the same time, we should explore the media regulation mode with Chinese characteristics, define the boundary of media power and responsibility through the form of constitution-based industry law, and prevent the alienation of news reports.At the same time, the Party also further standardized the management of the media?Institutionalization and gradual transition from regulation to governance?From the perspective of industrial regulation, the absence of media property rights?As well as the diversity of journalistic identity, the lack of "industry internal control" over news rent-seeking in China has also hindered the realistic implementation of the "order on paper." while the media has the attribute of "economic man,"But there is no perfect corporate governance structure, so that "news rent-seeking" and "state-owned enterprise corruption" similar to the complex business situation?Therefore, this paper suggests that the government regulation of news rent-seeking should be on guard against "disorderly as soon as possible, and die as soon as possible". Can we consult the experience of state-owned enterprise reform to carry out the reform of the media system, and under the premise of guiding the public opinion to control the whole, we should clarify the subject of property right?Board pilot?Perfect employee Stock ownership?Professional manager system, to achieve both social and economic benefits of the media?This paper analyzes the reasons of news rent-seeking and the difficulties of government regulation from the angle of politics, economy, culture, society, and so on. The countermeasures and suggestions are relatively comprehensive, in the mechanism of access and withdrawal of journalists, in the pilot public media, and in the press law.Follow the reform of state-owned enterprises to carry out media reform and other aspects, with a certain foresight and realistic pertinence.The Chinese media is in a period of great change, the value of the media industry needs to be rebuilt urgently, and journalism professionalism needs to be returned. Only by maximizing the return of the news to the essence of the people's freedom of speech can the news media truly become "supervision by public opinion and mouthpiece of the masses."The Government has learned from the reform of the sharp army. "?
【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G219.2

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