太极拳与健身舞对中老年女性体质健康影响的研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 09:29

本文选题：中老年女性　切入点：太极拳　出处：《大连理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国目前已有2亿人口超过了60岁,预计10年之后,60岁以上的人口数量将超过3亿。人口老龄化问题已经成为全社会关注的焦点。它不仅是个人和家庭的现实问题,它涉及政治、经济、文化、社会等领域。积极应对人口老龄化关系到国计民生、民族兴衰和国家的长治久安。中老年妇女进入老年之后,身体各机能开始下降,并且由于她们社会角色的特殊性,使其步入老年后的健康状况不容乐观。我们需要通过一些有效的方法来改善老年人的生理机能,延缓衰老,调节心理健康状况。全民健身计划的实施开展,便体现了社会对中老年群体健康状况的重视。健身舞和太极拳都属于有氧健身项目,并且在全民健身中广受老年人喜爱,也有相关研究证实科学合理的体育锻炼可以改善老年人的体质健康。本文采用回顾性研究,针对平常有长期规律性坚持太极拳或健身舞运动的中老年女性,以及没有规律性运动习惯的中老年女性,分析探讨不同类型的有氧健身锻炼对老年女性体质健康的影响。通过多方面分析太极拳、健身舞与无规律运动组的老年女性与体质健康的关系,对老年人如何有效延长衰老,进一步提高抗衰老能力,预防疾病及如何科学进行体育锻炼,提供了理论实践依据。对创建和谐社会具有一定的现实意义。本研究在自愿参与体质测试的48名大连理工大学退休女教师中,通过样本数据的整理,选取30人作为本研究分析的研究对象,平均年龄59.6岁。样本分为3组,分别是健身舞组10人,太极拳组10人,无规律运动组10人。共进行四项测试内容：身体成分测试,骨密度测试,心肺功能测试,静态平衡测试。分别使用的仪器是：TBF-418B人体脂肪测量仪,Achilles超声骨强度仪,功率车cateyeec-1200, Bismarck SuperBalance平衡训练测试系统。输出数据变量共近百项。应用SPSS18.0软件进行数据统计处理,测量结果均以平均值+标准差(Mean±SD)表示,采用单因素方差分析ANOVA进行各组间的差异显著性检验,同时也采用了独立样本T检验,配对样本T检验,相关性分析,回归分析等统计方法。结论可知长期系统参与有氧运动的老年女性的若干体质机能明显好于没有系统锻炼习惯的老年女性。但是也有不少测试数值差异并不明显,原因有很多。中老年女性参与户外运动的主要目的是在闲暇时间运动达到精神上的满足,强身健体之余,可以增进人际交往,解除孤独烦闷,娱乐身心。身心健康,缺一不可。
[Abstract]:At present, 200 million people in China are over 60 years old, and the number of people over 60 years old is expected to exceed 300 million in 10 years' time.The problem of population aging has become the focus of attention of the whole society.It is not only a personal and family problem, it involves political, economic, cultural, social and other fields.Actively dealing with the aging of the population has a bearing on the national economy and people's livelihood, the rise and fall of the nation, and the long-term stability of the country.After entering old age, the body functions of middle-aged and aged women begin to decline, and because of the particularity of their social role, their health condition after entering old age is not optimistic.We need some effective ways to improve the physical function of the elderly, delay aging, and regulate mental health.The implementation of the National Fitness Program reflects the importance the society attaches to the health status of the elderly.Body-building dance and Taijiquan are both aerobic fitness items, and they are widely loved by the elderly in the national fitness. There are also related studies to prove that scientific and reasonable physical exercise can improve the physical health of the elderly.In this paper, a retrospective study was carried out on the middle-aged and elderly women who usually adhere to Taijiquan or fitness dance with long-term regularity, as well as middle-aged and elderly women who do not have regular exercise habits.The effects of different types of aerobic exercise on the physical health of elderly women were analyzed and discussed.Through the analysis of the relationship between the elderly women and physical health in Taijiquan, fitness dance and irregular exercise group, how to prolong aging effectively, further improve the ability of anti-aging, prevent diseases and how to carry out physical exercise scientifically.The theoretical and practical basis is provided.It is of practical significance to build a harmonious society.In this study, among 48 retired female teachers of Dalian University of Technology who volunteered to participate in the physical fitness test, 30 women were selected as the subjects of this study through the collation of sample data, with an average age of 59.6 years.The samples were divided into 3 groups, 10 in fitness dance group, 10 in Taijiquan group and 10 in irregular exercise group.Four tests were conducted: body composition test, bone mineral density test, cardiopulmonary function test, static balance test.The instruments used were Achilles ultrasonic bone strength meter, eyecatec-1200, Bismarck SuperBalance balance training system.Output data variables a total of nearly 100.The statistical data were processed by SPSS18.0 software. The results were all expressed as mean standard deviation (mean 卤SDD). The difference between each group was tested by single factor variance analysis (ANOVA). At the same time, independent sample T test and paired sample T test were used.Correlation analysis, regression analysis and other statistical methods.Conclusion the physical function of the elderly women who participate in aerobic exercise for a long time is obviously better than that of the old women who do not have the habit of systematic exercise.But there are also a lot of test value differences are not obvious, there are many reasons.The main purpose of the middle-aged and elderly women to participate in outdoor sports is to achieve spiritual satisfaction in their leisure time, to strengthen their physical and mental health, to promote interpersonal communication, to relieve their loneliness and boredom, and to entertain their bodies and minds.Physical and mental health is indispensable.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G852.11;G831.3

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