族群政治视野下的埃塞俄比亚犹太人移民

发布时间：2018-04-23 23:17

本文选题：族群政治 + 犹太人　；参考：《西亚非洲》2015年01期

【摘要】：在大规模移居以色列之前,埃塞俄比亚境内生活着大约3万名犹太人,他们自称为贝塔以色列人,关于他们的起源和种族属性存有不同说法。20世纪80年代中期以来,以色列政府分别通过"摩西行动"、"所罗门行动"和"鸽翅行动"将几乎全部的埃塞俄比亚犹太人接回以色列。由于种族、历史、宗教等方面的原因,回归后的埃塞俄比亚犹太人在融入以色列主流社会进程中遭遇种种障碍,在政治、经济、社会地位等方面均处于劣势,成为犹太人内部的一个相对边缘群体。尽管埃塞俄比亚犹太人社团进行了积极的努力和抗争,以色列政府也致力于改善其生存状况和社会地位,但由于传统上阿什肯纳兹犹太人社团的强势地位以及以色列社会存在的顽固的种族偏见,埃塞俄比亚犹太人在族群认同和国家认同方面仍然面临着深刻的矛盾和困境。
[Abstract]:Before the mass migration to Israel, there were about 30,000 Jews living in Ethiopia, who described themselves as Beta Israelis, and there were different accounts of their origin and ethnic identity since the mid-1980s. The Israeli government brought almost all Ethiopian Jews back to Israel through Operation Moses, Operation Solomon and Operation Pigeon Wing, respectively. Due to ethnic, historical, religious and other reasons, the Ethiopian Jews after the return encountered various obstacles in the process of integration into the mainstream Israeli society, and were at a disadvantage in political, economic, social and other aspects. To become a relatively marginal group within the Jewish community. Despite the active efforts and struggles of the Ethiopian Jewish community, the Israeli Government is also committed to improving its living conditions and social status, However, due to the traditional strong position of Ashkenazi Jewish community and the stubborn racial prejudice in Israeli society, Ethiopian Jews still face profound contradictions and difficulties in ethnic identity and national identity.
【作者单位】：河南大学犹太研究所;河南大学世界史博士后流动站;以色列本-古里安大学;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目(12CZJ012) 教育部人文社会科学研究项目(12YJC770022) 中国博士后基金面上项目(2013M530336)阶段性成果
【分类号】：C912.4

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