环境风险议题中媒介污名化现象的呈现及动因研究

发布时间：2018-05-04 07:52

本文选题：污名化 + 媒介修辞　；参考：《河北大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：在人类对现代性的追求中,环境风险始终与人类发展问题相生相伴。作为反思性现代化的表征,风险被乌尔里希·贝克界定为系统地处理现代化自身引致的危险和不安全感的方式。环境风险的出现,不仅仅是由于工业社会的发展造成的一系列生态问题,使公众陷入对“不确定性”的焦虑。更是因为风险有着与财富相同的分配逻辑。这种分配逻辑的结果就造成了由于政治、经济与知识地位的不平衡,在这种张力下,不同阶层、不同群体对风险具有不同的感知程度。当今中国正在经历从农业社会向工业社会,由计划经济向市场经济体制发展的进程。在转轨的过程中,社会阶层分化、城乡二元经济结构都成为出现一系列社会问题的根源。而新媒体的发展,使民众有了与官方话语向抗衡的话语平台与意见集散地,这也使得关乎民众生存安全的环境问题格外受到各个阶层的重视。特别是近些年来发生的一些环境风险事件中,新媒体为新闻的公共性实践与下层民众的维权起到了重要作用。环境风险的传播过程,就是一个环境信息经由媒介在精英阶层与下层民众之间的流动过程。媒介对环境风险议题的再现方式,决定了民众对环境风险的解读程度。我们发现,在环境风险传播的话语场域中,媒介污名化的现象甚是普遍。这一方面表现在精英阶层通过媒介,对环境风险议题进行置换或规避,企图淡化环境风险造成的危害,实质上造成某种环境现象的内隐化污名;另一方面,公众对政府信任的缺失,造成民间话语对官方话语的“对抗性解读”,进而对官方话语中的某些概念进行贴标签的手段实施污名,实现对话语权的掌控。本文将环境风险传播场域中的媒介污名化现象作为研究对象,通过对媒介的修辞、话语及意识形态的体现与新媒体环境下环境风险传播的新特点进行分析,结合近几年来的环境风险事件中的污名化现象,对媒介权力、媒介角色、消费主义对媒介的影响等领域进行了深入分析,进而探讨环境风险传播中媒介污名化的动因所在。
[Abstract]:In the pursuit of modernity, environmental risk is always accompanied by human development. As a representation of reflective modernization, risk is defined by Ulrich Baker as a systematic way to deal with the danger and insecurity caused by modernization itself. The emergence of environmental risk is not only caused by a series of ecological problems caused by the development of industrial society, which makes the public get into the anxiety of uncertainty. Even more, risk has the same logic of distribution as wealth. The result of this distributive logic is the imbalance of politics, economy and knowledge status. Under this tension, different strata and different groups have different perception of risk. Nowadays, China is going through a process from agricultural society to industrial society, from planned economy to market economy system. In the process of transition, social stratum differentiation and urban-rural dual economic structure have become the root of a series of social problems. With the development of new media, the people have the discourse platform and opinion distribution center to counterbalance the official discourse, which also makes the environmental problems related to the survival and security of the people receive special attention from all walks of life. Especially in recent years, the new media has played an important role in the public practice of news and the rights of the lower class. The communication process of environmental risk is a flow of environmental information between the elite and the lower class through the media. The way the media reproduce the issue of environmental risk determines the public's interpretation of environmental risk. We find that the phenomenon of media stigmatization is very common in the discourse field of environmental risk communication. On the one hand, the elite, through the media, exchange or circumvent the issue of environmental risks in an attempt to dilute the harm caused by environmental risks and, in essence, create an implicit stigma of certain environmental phenomena; on the other hand, The lack of public trust in the government leads to the "adversarial interpretation" of the official discourse by the folk discourse, and then the means of labeling some concepts in the official discourse, thus realizing the control of the right to speak. In this paper, the phenomenon of media stigmatization in the field of environmental risk communication is taken as the research object, through the analysis of the embodiment of media rhetoric, discourse and ideology and the new characteristics of environmental risk communication under the new media environment. Combined with the stigmatization of environmental risk events in recent years, this paper makes an in-depth analysis of the media power, media role and the influence of consumerism on the media, and then probes into the causes of media stigma in environmental risk communication.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G206

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