晋北近代建筑概论

发布时间：2018-05-07 15:38

本文选题：近代山西 + 晋北地区　；参考：《太原理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：山西晋北地区近代建筑是随着清末洋务运动思潮的传入开始发生了变化。中国近代,1840-1949年,这个时期不论从政治、经济、军事、文化,还是当时国民思想,都发生了前所未有的大转变,导致了新建筑类型的产生。本文从山西近代晋北地区建筑的历史发展、地域分布、建筑艺术成就作了较为详尽的研究与分析,并由此探讨山西晋北近代建筑产生的原因。在这个变化万千的时代背景下,建设的发展也与当时独特的时代性有着紧密的联系。作者通过查阅大量的文献资料,整理出建筑发展的框架,随后又对大同地区的建筑进行了大量的实地调研,在导师的引荐下得到大同市相关部门的帮助,对一些典型的建筑实例收集到更为完备的资料。之后结合中国建筑史和西方建筑史等相关专业书籍,对山西近代晋北建筑进行严谨的分析和总结。本文以介绍山西晋北地区主要城市大同、朔州地区的规划、建筑、交通等的历史演变过程及其特点为为主要研究内容。建筑方面主要以当时具有代表性并且保存完好的学校,医院,教堂等作为具体实例分析。之后归纳整理了山西近代晋北地区建设的史料并且以现存的实例大同首善医院,省立第三中学,大同天主教堂和许堡天主教堂作为实例。分别从这些建筑的发展史、建筑的平面,立面,细部装饰分析其特点说明当时建筑的特点及其形成的原因。大同作为山西一个重要的城市,其规划、建筑发展很大部分受到了时代和政治背景的影响,这两者的变化使其建筑也呈现出阶段性的发展特征。中西方文化的交融对山西大同建筑的阶段性的发展更是产生了不小的影响。近代西方文化传入、中国政权更迭以及地方传统文化等多方面的作用,使的山西近代晋北地区建筑的发展经历了以下三个发展阶段：一,清末时期,新建筑的萌芽期。那个年代政府软弱贫穷,洋务派掀起了“师夷长技以制夷”的兴国方略,最早的一些新式学堂在大同开办起来。二,民国时期,新建筑的发展期。这一时期,西方文化大量的渗透进来,建筑主要分为两种形式：一是,模仿西方形式；二是,西方建筑与中国传统建筑型式、空间结构和建筑技术的结合,形式晋北地区特有的建筑形式。这事的建筑艺术有了很大的发展。三,日本侵略时期,衰败期。这时建筑及其各方面的发展主要是为满足日本的侵华目的而建设的,由于受到战争影响,建筑方面不仅没有新的成就,原有的建筑也遭到毁坏。但是交通方面却有了一定的建设发展。通过以上方法对山西近代晋北地区的建筑进行研究,展现了晋北地区建筑在省内的发展演变过程。山西近代晋北建筑历史的研究,能填补山西近代建筑的研究意义,同时为将来的建筑历史遗产保护提供参考。
[Abstract]:Modern architecture in Shanxi Province changed with the introduction of Westernization Movement in the late Qing Dynasty. During the period of 1840-1949 in modern China, no matter in politics, economy, military affairs, culture or national thought at that time, unprecedented changes took place, which led to the emergence of new architectural types. This paper makes a detailed study and analysis on the historical development, regional distribution and architectural art achievements of the architecture in the north of Shanxi Province, and probes into the reasons for the emergence of the modern architecture in the north of Shanxi Province. Under the background of the changing times, the development of construction is closely related to the unique epoch at that time. By consulting a large number of documents, the author sorted out the framework of architectural development, and then carried out a large number of field research on the architecture in Datong area, and obtained the help of the relevant departments of Datong City under the introduction of his tutor. More complete data were collected for some typical architectural examples. Then combining with the history of Chinese architecture and western architectural history and other related professional books, this paper makes a rigorous analysis and summary of Shanxi's modern architecture in northern Shanxi. The main research contents of this paper are to introduce the historical evolution process and characteristics of the major cities of Shanxi and North Shanxi Province, such as Datong, Shuozhou and Shuozhou. Architectural aspects of the representative and well-preserved schools, hospitals, churches and so on as specific examples. Then it summarizes and arranges the historical data of Shanxi's modern construction in the north of Shanxi and takes the existing examples of Datong Shou-shan Hospital, the third Middle School of the province, the Datong Catholic Church and the Xubao Catholic Church as examples. From the history of the development of these buildings, the plane, facade and detail decoration of these buildings, the characteristics of the architecture at that time and the reasons for its formation are analyzed respectively. Datong, as an important city in Shanxi, its planning and architectural development are mostly influenced by the times and political background. The blending of Chinese and western culture has had a great influence on the stage development of Shanxi Datong architecture. The introduction of modern western culture, the change of political power in China and the local traditional culture have made the development of architecture in Shanxi modern Shanxi and northern Shanxi go through the following three stages of development: First, the late Qing Dynasty, the budding period of new buildings. At that time, the government was weak and poor, the Westernists set off the strategy of "master Yi to control foreigners", and some of the earliest new schools were opened in Datong. Second, the period of the Republic of China, the development of new buildings. During this period, the western culture infiltrated a lot, the architecture was divided into two forms: one was to imitate the western form, the other was the combination of the western architecture with the Chinese traditional architecture, the spatial structure and the architectural technology. The form of the north of Shanxi unique architectural form. The architectural art of this matter has made great progress. Third, the period of Japanese aggression, the period of decline. At this time, architecture and its various aspects of development were mainly built to meet the purpose of Japanese invasion of China. Because of the war, there was not only no new achievements in the construction, but also the destruction of the original buildings. But the transportation aspect actually has the certain construction development. Based on the above methods, this paper studies the architecture of Shanxi province in modern times, and shows the evolution process of the architecture in Shanxi province. The study of the architectural history of Shanxi modern Shanxi can fill the significance of the research of Shanxi modern architecture and provide reference for the protection of architectural historical heritage in the future.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU-092

【共引文献】