地方政协参与公共决策研究

发布时间：2018-05-10 09:06

本文选题：地方政协 + 公共决策　；参考：《云南大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：人民政协是我国公共决策体制中体现公民有序参与公共决策的一个重要制度和程序设计。政府公共部门在平衡社会各个利益群体方面,人民政协作为协调社会利益主体的部门频繁活跃在中国民主政治进程中,在社会矛盾日益突出的情形下,地方政协在这样的环境中发挥着其独特地优势,地方政协参与公共决策也成为地方政府为处理地方性公共社会事务的重要方式。人民政协通过充分的履行政治协商、民主监督和参政议政的职能,对于发展社会主义民主政治、改善和加强中国共产党的领导,改进和支持政府的工作,实现重大决策的民主化、科学化、法制化等方面,有着其他任何政治组织所没有的独特优势。基于目前我国社会结构和价值观念多样化发展的态势,必然要求地方政协参与公共决策过程与社会主义和谐社会的民主政治相适应,尤其是在2006年中央出台了《关于加强人民政协工作的实施意见》以来,地方政府先后出台了相应的实施意见,以多种方式对如何发挥好人民政协的职能开展有效路径探索。在当代社会中,公共决策以政府公共部门开展公共治理和提供公共服务为核心,公共决策治理体现了当前公共政府部门的执政能力,其内在的价值在于民主科学、公平正义、经济效率和以人为本。公共决策具有区域性和复杂性特征,地方政府公共部门以地方性公共事务为主要决策对象。在公共决策的执行过程中,公共政策网络中的相关利益主体,为了克服有限理性、化解利益冲突、实现参与权力、促进利益和谐,地方政协在以政治协商、民主监督、参政议政的参与公共决策的过程中,进行公开的、面对面的协商、对话,在参与过程中实现培养委员的民主素养、整合多元化的界别结构,发挥地方政协作用促进公共决策的科学性、提升公共决策的公开性、赋予公共决策的合法性的实践价值。在公共决策过程中,地方政府公共部门借助了地方政协这个平台,发挥政协委员具有的广泛性和包容性作用,对涉及地方经济社会发展的重大公共决策,以上传下达的的方式,拓宽社会各界和利益主体的诉求表达渠道,发挥了地方政协的协调关系、解决社会矛盾和整合各阶层利益诉求的作用,以合作共事和履行三项职能为参与的基本依据,达到既保证公共治理的效率和效益,以政协为平台促进了公民的有序政治参与,实现“决策—实施—再决策”的可持续性。地方公共决策主要以决策前的政治协商、决策中的参政议政、决策后的民主监督的途径来实现其有效性。在参与公共决策中要求明确围绕国家和地方的政治、经济、文化和社会为主要参与的范围,以专题协商会、提交提案、反映社情民意、参加专题调研视察、座谈会为主要方式,按照议题选择、组成执行委员会、协商前的调研、召开专题协商会、达成公共协商共识为主要程序来实现地方政协的有效参与。在地方政协参与公共决策实践过程中,以昆明市政协为例,通过积极履行政治协商职能推进公共决策科学化,采取多种形式推进民主监督对公共决策有效性,充分关注重点难点积极参政议政提升公共决策水平的实践,看到地方政协参与公共决策面临着许多问题。从昆明市政协的实践来看,政治协商制度取得了较大的发展和进步,但是也应该看到地方政协仍然面临着在政治协商方面存在制度不健全、公共协商意识薄弱、协商民主不民主；在民主监督方面存在监督意识不强、制度不健全、程序不完善；参政议政封面存在界别设置不合理、参与机制不健全、参政议政能力不强等方面的问题。由此,针对地方政协参与公共决策的过程中面临的问题,提出了要完善地方政协参与公共决策的机制,加强地方政协的自身建设,提高地方政协的履职能力,设置明晰的委员界别范围,重视发展好党派、团体参政议政的重要作用,搭建委员参与公共决策的有效平台,建立健全委员工作机制,提高政协委员的履职能力,发挥专门委员会的基础性作用,以此实现提升地方政协参与公共决策的有效性路径。地方政协参与公共决策的有效路径探索,将成为今后中国民主政治建设过程中一个重要的内容,还需要在不断的实践过程中做出分析和探索有效性。
[Abstract]:The people's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) is an important system and program designed to reflect the orderly participation of citizens in public decision-making in the public decision-making system. The public sector of the government is active in the process of China's democratic politics, and the social contradictions are becoming increasingly prominent in the process of balancing the interests of the society. Under the circumstances, the Local Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) plays its unique advantage in such a environment. The Local Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) participates in public decision-making as an important way for local government to deal with local public social affairs. The CPPCC is able to develop socialist democracy by fully performing political consultations, democratic supervision and participation in political and political affairs. The leadership of the Communist Party of China, the strengthening of the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the improvement and support of the government's work, and the realization of the democratization, scientification and legalization of major decisions have the unique advantages of any other political organization. Based on the present situation of the diversified development of the social structure and values of our country, the local political consultative conference must be required to participate in public decision-making. In accordance with the democratic politics of a socialist harmonious society, especially in 2006, the central government promulgated the implementation opinions on strengthening the work of the people's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC). The local government has promulgated corresponding suggestions on how to develop the effective path of the functions of the CPPCC in many ways.
In contemporary society, public decision-making is the core of public governance and public service in public sector of the government. Public decision-making governance embodies the ruling ability of the current public government departments. Its intrinsic value lies in democratic science, fairness and justice, economic efficiency and human oriented. Public decision-making has regional and complex characteristics, and the public decision-making has the characteristics of regional and complexity. The government public sector takes local public affairs as the main decision object. In the course of the implementation of the public policy, the stakeholders in the public policy network, in order to overcome the limited rationality, dissolve the conflicts of interest, realize the participation power and promote the harmony of the interests. The CPPCC participates in the public decision by political consultation, democratic supervision and participation in political and political affairs. In the course of the policy, public, face-to-face consultation, dialogue, in the process of participation, to realize the democratic quality of training members, integrate the pluralistic structure of the boundary, play the role of the local political consultative conference to promote the scientific nature of public decision-making, enhance the publicity of public decision-making, and give the practical value of the legitimacy of public decision-making.
In the process of public decision-making, the local government public sector, with the help of the platform of the local political consultative conference, exerts the broad and inclusive role of the members of the CPPCC, and plays the local political consultative conference with the way of uploading the major public decisions involving local economic and social development, and broadening the appeals of all walks of life and the interests of the interests of the interests of the interests of the local people. The coordination relationship, the solution of social contradictions and the integration of the role of the interests of all strata, the basic basis for the cooperation and the performance of the three functions as the basic basis, to achieve the efficiency and benefit of ensuring public governance, and to promote the orderly political participation of the citizens with the political Consultative Conference as a platform, and to realize the sustainability of the "decision making implementation and decision making". Public decision-making is mainly based on political consultation before decision-making, participation in political participation in decision-making, and the way of democratic supervision after decision-making to achieve its effectiveness. In the participation of public decision-making, the political, economic, cultural and social participation of the country and local areas should be clearly defined, with special consultations, proposals, public opinion, participation and participation. Special research inspection, symposium for the main way, according to the choice of issues, the composition of the Executive Committee, pre consultation research, the convening of special consultations, the consensus of the public consultation as the main procedure to achieve the effective participation of the local political consultative conference.
In the process of participating in the practice of public decision-making, the CPPCC takes the Kunming Municipal Political Consultative Conference as an example. Through the active implementation of the political consultative function, the CPPCC promotes the scientific decision of public decision-making, takes various forms to promote the effectiveness of the democratic supervision to the public decision-making, and pays full attention to the practice of promoting the level of public decision-making by the active participation of the key and difficult points in the government and the government, and the participation of the local political consultative conference. Public decision-making faces many problems. From the practice of the Kunming Municipal Political Consultative Conference, the political consultative system has made great progress and progress, but it should also be seen that the local political consultative conference still faces the unsound system in the political consultation, the weak public consultation consciousness, the non democracy of the consultation of the people, and the supervision consciousness of democratic supervision. It is not strong, the system is not perfect, the procedure is not perfect; the cover of the political and political participation is not reasonable, the participation mechanism is not perfect, and the political and political ability of the government is not strong. Therefore, in view of the problems faced by the local political consultative conference in the process of public decision-making, it is proposed to improve the mechanism of the local political consultative conference to participate in public decision-making, and to strengthen the local political consultative conference. Self construction, improve the performance of the local political consultative conference, set clear members of the committee, attach importance to the important role of developing parties and participating in political and political affairs, building an effective platform for members to participate in public decision-making, establishing and improving the working mechanism of members, improving the performance of the members of the CPPCC members, and giving full play to the basic role of the special committee. The effective path to promote the participation of the local political consultative conference in public decision-making, the exploration of the effective path of the local political consultative conference to participate in public decision-making will become an important content in the process of the construction of China's democratic politics in the future, and it also needs to be analyzed and explored in the process of continuous practice.

【学位授予单位】：云南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D628

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