对新世纪以来产生的汉语新词的研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 08:03

本文选题：新世纪 + 汉语新词语　；参考：《沈阳师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：语言是人类最重要的思维工具和交际工具，它产生于人类的物质文明和精神文明创造实践活动中，它随着社会生活的发展变化和人类的文明进步而发展演变。词汇是语言系统的重要组成部分,它同样随着社会的发展变化和人类的文明进步而发展演变。词汇的发展演变最显而易见的特点就是旧词语的消亡和新词语的产生。新世纪以来，汉语词汇的发展表现为大量新词语的产生。本文以新世纪（2001-2013）以来产生的汉语新词语为研究对象和范围。主要资料来源是：1.2007年中国教育部发布的《2006年汉语新词语选目》；2.宋姿燕主编《汉语新词语年编2001-2010》中的汉语新词语；3.商务印书馆出版，由侯敏、周荐收录和编写的《汉语新词语2006-2009》中的新词语；4.中国国家语言文字网，，《2007汉语新词语公示表》、《2008汉语新词语公示表》、《2009汉语新词语公示表》、《2010汉语新词语公示表》、《2011汉语新词语公示表》；5.在国内外出版的关于中国新词语的论文、学术杂志和书籍；6.本人收集和整理的2011-2013年的新词语。新词语产生的原因与社会的需求有关：新现象和事物的出现，机器与网络普及化，方言词的扩大使用，行业专门术语进入人们的日常生活等。汉语新词语的主要有：来源于网络的新词语；来源于方言的新词语；来源于外来语的新词语；来源于专业术语的新词语；还有来源于社会新现象与新事物的新词语。新词语的传播途径主要有图书、报刊、杂志等纸质传媒；电影、电视、互联网等大众电信传媒以及歌曲、戏曲等现代艺术传媒。新词语的词法分析是研究新词语的一个重要内容。汉语新词语的结构类型有两种：派生结构的新词语与复合结构的新词语。其中包括联合结构、偏正结构、动宾结构与主谓结构。按照不一样的构词类型，汉语新词语有语素新词；“字母词+语素”新词；“数字+语素”新词与“字母”新词。汉语新词语的音节构成类型：单音节的新词语、双音节的新词语与多音节新词语。因为现在的社会发展速度很快，新词语出现的速度也很快，新词现象值得特别的关注。学习汉语新词语为外国留学生带来很明显的好处，让他们更深刻了解当代中国社会的政治、经济、国防、外交、军事以及文化，并能帮助留学生更容易和中国人交流。但学新词语对他们来说也有一些弊端，因为有一些新词语不规范，不稳定，所以对一些新词语要有选择性、有批判性地运用。研究新世纪以来产生的汉语新词语具有不容忽视的理论价值和应用价值：新词语不仅反映当时社会的面貌，促进词汇的发展，而且能帮助留学生更多地了解社会、文化等等。研究汉语新词语对汉语学习者的巨大帮助是毋庸置疑的。
[Abstract]:Language is the most important tool for human thinking and communication. It comes from the creation and practice of material civilization and spiritual civilization. It evolves with the development of social life and the progress of human civilization. Vocabulary is an important part of language system. It also evolves with the development of society and the progress of human civilization. The most obvious characteristics of the development and evolution of vocabulary are the demise of old words and the production of new words. Since the new century, the development of Chinese vocabulary is the emergence of a large number of new words. This paper takes the Chinese neologisms produced since 2001-2013 as the research object and scope. The main sources are as follows: 1. In 2007, the Chinese Ministry of Education issued the Chinese neologisms selected in 2006. Song Qianyan's Chinese neologisms in 2001-2010. Business Press, published by Hou Min, the new words in Chinese neologisms 2006-2009, collected and compiled by Zhou. 4. China National language and characters Network, < 2007 Chinese New words and expressions, < 2008 Chinese New words, < 2009 Chinese New words, < 2010 Chinese New words, < 2011 Chinese New words and expressions, < 2011 Chinese New words, < 2008, < 2009 Chinese New words, < 2010 Chinese New words, < 2011 Chinese New words and expressions, < 2009, < 2010, < 2011, respectively. Papers, academic magazines and books on Chinese neologisms published at home and abroad. I collect and collate the new words of 2011-2013. The reasons for the emergence of neologisms are related to the needs of society: the emergence of new phenomena and things, the popularization of machines and networks, the expansion of the use of dialect words, and the entry of technical terms into people's daily lives. The main sources of Chinese neologisms are: new words from the network; new words from dialects; new words from foreign words; new words from professional terms; and new words from new social phenomena and new things. The dissemination of neologisms mainly includes books, newspapers, magazines and other paper-based media, film, television, Internet and other mass telecommunications media, as well as modern art media such as songs and operas. Lexical analysis of neologisms is an important part of the study of neologisms. There are two structural types of Chinese neologisms: new words with derivative structure and new words with compound structure. It includes joint structure, biased structure, verb-object structure and subject-predicate structure. According to different types of word-formation, Chinese neologisms include morpheme neologisms, alphabetical morpheme neologisms, numeral-morpheme neologisms and alphabetic neologisms. The syllable types of Chinese neologisms include monosyllabic new words, dicyllabic new words and polysyllabic new words. Because of the rapid development of society and the emergence of neologisms, the phenomenon of neologisms deserves special attention. Learning Chinese new words brings obvious benefits to foreign students, helping them to understand the politics, economy, national defense, diplomacy, military and culture of contemporary Chinese society, and to help foreign students to communicate with Chinese people more easily. However, learning new words has some disadvantages for them, because some new words are not standardized and stable, so we should use some new words selectively and critically. The study of Chinese neologisms produced since the new century has the theoretical value and application value which can not be ignored: new words not only reflect the appearance of the society at that time, promote the development of vocabulary, but also help foreign students to understand more about society, culture and so on. There is no doubt that the study of Chinese neologisms is of great help to Chinese learners.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H136

【参考文献】