《华盛顿邮报》和《人民日报》对“联合国世界气候大会”新闻报道的框架分析

发布时间：2018-05-28 09:45

本文选题：联合国世界气候大会 + 新闻框架　；参考：《广西大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：2009年,“联合国世界气候大会”在丹麦哥本哈根召开第十五次气候大会,这次大会被媒体称为“自从第二次世界大战以来最重要的会议”。在这次大会期间以及自此之后,有关“联合国世界气候大会”的报道议题频繁出现在各国媒体,对于“联合国世界气候大会”的报道也逐渐与普通环境新闻相分离,形成独特的报道模式。在全球环境问题日益严峻,气候问题上升到政治经济问题的今天,各国媒体如何在这样重要的世界大会上为本国争夺话语权,就显得格外重要。在报道中,受到各自所属利益集团的影响和新闻理念的不同,以《人民日报》和《华盛顿邮报》为代表的中美媒体,必然使用不同的新闻框架来影响受众,以达到为各自的利益集团发声的目的。本文以《人民日报》和《华盛顿邮报》对2009年-2013年5年间对“联合国世界气候大会”的全部报道为研究样本,运用新闻框架理论和批评性话语分析理论,将定性研究和定量研究相结合,探寻中美两大媒体在报道中是如何运用新闻框架,以达到各自的话语目的,并且分析了造成这种差异的原因,最后提出了《人民日报》等中国媒体应当如何向《华盛顿邮报》借鉴其巧妙的新闻框架,更好地平衡新闻客观性和倾向性之间的关系,以期为其成为领导世界话语权的大媒体奠定基础。同时也提出了在借鉴《华盛顿邮报》新闻框架的同时,中国新闻媒体需要规避的风险。经过研究,本文得出结论：首先,在高层次框架上,《华盛顿邮报》倾向于将“世界气候大会”定位在政治,经济以及其它议题均衡分布,《人民日报》倾向于将“世界气候大会”定义为单一的政治议题；其次,在中层级框架上,《华盛顿邮报》倾向于使用冲突框架和负面评估,《人民日报》倾向于使用宣传框架和正面评估；第三,在低层次框架上,《华盛顿邮报》在文章的具体语言使用上却巧妙的体现了其的倾向性,《人民日报》的倾向性则更加明显。总体来看,《华盛顿邮报》传达倾向性的手法更加隐晦,通过潜移默化的语言来影响受众；《人民日报》对于新闻客观性与倾向性的平衡上掌握则不够巧妙。
[Abstract]:In 2009, the UN World Climate Conference held its fifteenth climate conference in Copenhagen, Denmark, which the media called "the most important conference since the second World War." During this conference and since then, the coverage of the "United Nations World Climate Conference" appeared frequently in the national media, and the coverage of the "United Nations World Climate Conference" was gradually separated from the general environmental news. Form a unique reporting model. With the global environmental problem becoming more and more serious and the climate problem rising to the political and economic problem, it is particularly important for the media of various countries to fight for the right to speak for their own country in such an important world conference. In reporting, influenced by their respective interest groups and different news ideas, the Chinese and American media represented by "People's Daily" and "Washington Post" must use different news frameworks to influence the audience. In order to achieve the purpose of speaking out for their respective interest groups. Based on the People's Daily and Washington Post reports on the United Nations World Climate Conference from 2009 to 2013, this paper applies the news framework theory and critical discourse analysis theory. Combining qualitative and quantitative studies, this paper explores how the two major media in China and the United States use the news framework in their reports in order to achieve their respective discourse purposes, and analyzes the reasons for this difference. Finally, the author puts forward how Chinese media, such as "People's Daily", should learn from the Washington Post's clever news framework to better balance the relationship between objectivity and tendentiousness of news. With a view to its leadership of the world as the voice of the media to lay the foundation. At the same time, the paper puts forward the risk that Chinese news media should avoid while drawing on the news framework of the Washington Post. After study, this paper concludes that, first of all, in a high-level framework, the Washington Post tends to position the "World Climate Conference" as a political one. With a balanced distribution of economic and other issues, < People's Daily > tends to define "World Climate Conference" as a single political issue. In the middle level framework, the Washington Post tends to use conflict frameworks and negative assessments, and < People's Daily > to use propaganda frameworks and positive assessments; third, In the low-level framework, the Washington Post skillfully embodies its tendency in the specific language use of the article, and the tendency of < People's Daily > is even more obvious. In general, the Washington Post conveys bias in a more subtle way, influencing the audience through subtle language, while < People's Daily > is not clever enough to master the balance between objectivity and orientation of news.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G212

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