澳大利亚生态外交探究

发布时间：2018-06-17 00:49

  本文选题：生态外交 + 环境援助　； 参考：《华中师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：在经济发展的大框架下和全球化地不断推动中,生态环境问题日益突出,持续受到国际社会的瞩目。全球生态环境的持续恶化,不仅导致了极端天气的出现和众多疾病的爆发,对人类的生产、生活和健康造成影响,也使全球经济的可持续发展面临着严峻的挑战,甚至威胁到了人类生存本身。因此,生态环境问题正日益成为国际社会关注的中心议题之一。由于生态环境问题通常具有全球性、跨国性、长期性、共存性等属性,因此,其危害及解决它的途径都超出了国家的界限,任何国家都无法逃避生态环境恶化带来的影响和挑战。生态环境问题事关每一个国家的利益。所以,加强合作成为了国际社会治理全球生态环境问题的共识。为此,国际社会开展了一系列的外交活动。就澳大利亚而言,尽管其国内的生态环境得到了很好地保护和治理,但南太平洋地区,甚至世界其他国家和地区的生态环境的持续恶化依然给澳大利亚带来了巨大的压力。为维护国家利益,提升国家形象,自二十世纪70年代以来,澳大利亚围绕着国际环境立法与谈判、环境援助、处理国际环境纠纷和冲突等领域,开展了包括对外环境援助、参与《联合国气候变化框架条约》及其相关谈判在内的一系列的生态外交活动,并取得了明显的成效,为全球生态环境的保护和改善做出了不可磨灭的贡献,促进了其国家利益的实现和国际形象的提升。然而,受国内政治、经济与生态、国际等因素的制约,澳大利亚在保护全球生态环境的具体做法上又有所保留,甚至出现反复与倒退,阻碍了澳大利亚生态外交的顺利开展。这在一定程度上影响了澳大利亚生态外交的成效。本文将从澳大利亚面临的生态环境问题及挑战、推行生态外交的实践及成效、原因及影响因素三个大的方面,抽取对外环境援助和参与《联合国气候变化框架条约》及其相关谈判两个案例,对澳大利亚的生态外交进行初步的探讨,以期能为澳大利亚和生态环境研究增砖添瓦。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and globalization, the problem of ecological environment has become more and more prominent and has been attracting the attention of the international community. The continuous deterioration of the global ecological environment has not only led to the emergence of extreme weather and the outbreak of numerous diseases, which has had an impact on human production, life and health, but also posed serious challenges to the sustainable development of the global economy, It even threatens the very existence of mankind. Therefore, the ecological environment problem is increasingly becoming one of the central issues concerned by the international community. Because ecological environmental problems are usually global, transnational, long-term and coexisting, their harm and ways to solve them are beyond the limits of the country. No country can escape the impacts and challenges brought about by the deterioration of the ecological environment. The problem of ecological environment concerns the interests of every country. Therefore, strengthening cooperation has become the consensus of the international community to deal with global ecological environmental problems. To this end, the international community carried out a series of diplomatic activities. As far as Australia is concerned, although its domestic ecological environment has been well protected and managed, the continuous deterioration of the ecological environment in the South Pacific region, even in other countries and regions of the world, still brings great pressure to Australia. In order to safeguard national interests and enhance the image of the country, Australia has carried out foreign environmental assistance, including foreign environmental assistance, around international environmental legislation and negotiations, environmental assistance, and handling international environmental disputes and conflicts since the 1970s. Participating in a series of ecological diplomacy activities, including the United Nations Framework Treaty on Climate change and its related negotiations, with tangible results, and making an indelible contribution to the protection and improvement of the global ecological environment, It promotes the realization of its national interests and the promotion of its international image. However, restricted by domestic politics, economy, ecology and international factors, Australia has some reservations on the specific practices of protecting the global ecological environment, even repeated and retrogression, which hinders the smooth development of Australia's ecological diplomacy. To a certain extent, this has affected the effectiveness of Australia's ecological diplomacy. This paper will focus on the problems and challenges of ecological environment in Australia, the practice and effect of ecological diplomacy, the reasons and influencing factors. Two cases of foreign environmental assistance and participation in the United Nations Framework Treaty on Climate change and its related negotiations are selected to make a preliminary discussion of Australia's ecological diplomacy, in order to add to the study of Australia and the ecological environment.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D861.1
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本文编号：2028826