我国政府在慈善事业发展中的职能探析

发布时间：2018-06-21 08:29

本文选题：政府 + 职能　；参考：《北京交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：慈善是指在政府倡导、帮助和扶持下,个人或者群体自愿的通过社会组织机构或其他途径,向社会或个人无偿提供钱物以及劳务等,旨在改变受助者生存环境的援助行为。随着经济发展,贫富差距加大成为阻碍我国经济社会进一步发展的不稳定因素。作为我国“第三次分配”的主要组成部分,慈善事业当仁不让的成为社会和谐的“稳定器”。目前,我国实行政府主导下的协作模式,简单来说就是政府有责任和义务引导、促进、监督慈善事业的发展。政府应致力于努力构建“大社会、小政府”的社会管理模式,实现慈善事业的和谐发展。近年来,我国慈善界接连爆出“郭美美事件”、“尚德诈捐门”等慈善恶性事件,说明在经济高速发展的今天,慈善事业的发展存在着诸多问题,政府作为引导者、监督者责无旁贷。因此,明确政府在慈善事业中的职能尤为重要。本文首先介绍了文章的行文背景并明确了研究意义,同时将所涉及的书籍、文献进行了梳理,形成了为行文有借鉴意义的文献综述。文章共有图3幅,表3个,参考文献30篇。研究过程中,笔者发现我国慈善事业中共有制度建设存在漏洞、慈善捐赠意愿动力不足、慈善组织“行政化现象严重”、慈善组织公信力缺失等四大问题。针对上述问题,笔者分别分析了具有代表性的美国、英国、加拿大、新加坡四大发达国家慈善模式,总结其经验。最后笔者从政府的政治、经济、文化、社会服务等四大政府职能角度提出了相关意见和建议。政治政策决定慈善事业发展的外部环境,经济税收是慈善事业的物质激励利器,文化是中华民族慈善事业的向心力和凝聚力所在,社会服务是慈善事业发展的重要航向标。虽然我们目前的慈善水平和期望之间还存在着不小的差距,但是我们相信通过对政府职能的探索与改革,中国的慈善事业水平在未来会达到质的飞跃,真正实现取之于民,用之于民,造福于人民。
[Abstract]:Charity refers to the voluntary provision of money and services to the society or individuals by means of social organization or other means under the initiative, help and support of the government, which aims to change the living environment of the recipients. With the development of economy, the gap between rich and poor has become an unstable factor hindering the further development of our country's economy and society. As the main part of the third distribution, philanthropy becomes the stabilizer of social harmony. At present, our country carries out the cooperation mode under the guidance of the government, that is, the government has the responsibility and obligation to guide, promote and supervise the development of charity. The government should make great efforts to construct the social management mode of "big society and small government" to realize the harmonious development of charity. In recent years, the "Guo Meimei incident" and the "Shang Tak fraudulent donation" have sprung up in the charitable circles of our country. This shows that in today's rapid economic development, there are many problems in the development of philanthropy, and the government is the guide. Supervisors are duty-bound. Therefore, it is particularly important to clarify the functions of the government in philanthropy. This paper firstly introduces the background of the article and clarifies the significance of the research. At the same time, it combs the books and documents involved, and forms a literature review that has reference significance for the text. There are 3 pictures, 3 tables and 30 references. In the course of the research, the author finds that there are four major problems in the construction of the common system of charity in our country, such as the lack of motive force of charity donation, the serious phenomenon of charity organization "administration", and the lack of public trust of charity organization. In view of the above problems, the author analyzes the representative philanthropy models of the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada and Singapore, and summarizes their experiences. Finally, the author puts forward some suggestions from the government's political, economic, cultural and social service perspectives. Political policy determines the external environment for the development of philanthropy, economic taxation is the material incentive weapon of philanthropy, culture is the centripetal force and cohesion of Chinese philanthropy, and social service is an important heading for the development of philanthropy. Although there is still not a small gap between our current charity level and our expectations, we believe that through the exploration and reform of the functions of the government, China's philanthropic level will achieve a qualitative leap in the future and be truly realized by the people. Use it for the benefit of the people.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D632.9

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