钱大昕的君道观及其意义世界

发布时间：2018-06-27 12:33

本文选题：君道 + 以恕为本　；参考：《社会科学辑刊》2017年06期

【摘要】：君道问题堪称是与传统儒家士大夫性命攸关的一个大问题。传统儒者论政论学,举凡一切国计民生,包括政治、经济、文化等种种问题,都几乎绕不开君道二字。君道问题也是钱大昕治道论中的一个核心问题。钱大昕的君道观,是对儒家传统君道观念的展开,也是钱大昕因应康乾盛世时期高度一统的政治文化环境的反思与考量。钱大昕主张以恕为本,是一种相对低调的道德主张。钱大昕以仁恕说君,在理论实质上属于德治论。钱大昕之说与传统士大夫的一贯政治逻辑并不完全相同,他始终强调忠恕之道,希望通过恕道论来消解帝王权力。钱大昕以恕为本,堪称是一种类似底线共识的道德主张,更确切地说是一种最低限度的君主品质论,隐含了一重避免主观自用从而影响他人的用意。帝王去圣论的主要义涵,是要淡化、削弱帝王身上的神圣光环,希望帝王不要自大自满、好高骛远、尚大喜功,切切实实地尽好为君的本分,为臣民多做实事。
[Abstract]:The question of monarchical way is a big problem which has a vital bearing on the life of the traditional Confucian literati and officials. The traditional Confucian theory of political theory, every national economy and people's livelihood, including politics, economy, culture and other issues, almost no word around the monarch. The monarch-road problem is also a core problem in Qian Daxin's theory of governance. Qian Daxin's monarchical outlook is a reflection and consideration of the traditional Confucian concept of monarchy and the highly unified political and cultural environment in the prosperous period of Kang and Qian. Qian Daxin is a relatively low-key moral proposition based on tolerance. Qian Daxin, in essence, belongs to the theory of rule by virtue. Qian Daxin's theory is not exactly the same as the political logic of traditional literati and officials. He always emphasizes the principle of loyalty and forgiveness and hopes to eliminate the power of emperors through the theory of forgiveness. Qian Daxin, based on forgiveness, can be said to be a moral proposition similar to the bottom line consensus and, more precisely, a minimum sovereign character theory, implying the intention of avoiding subjective self-use and influencing others. The main meaning of the monarch's theory of sanctification is to dilute and weaken the sacred aura on the emperor's body. He hopes that the emperor will not be conceited, ambitious and happy, and will do his duty for the king and do more practical work for his subjects.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院近代史研究所;
【分类号】：B249.9

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