改革开放以来县域中小学布局调整的个案研究

发布时间：2018-07-10 02:03

本文选题：改革开放 + 中小学　；参考：《山东师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：学校教育是有目的、有计划、有组织地培养人的社会活动。学校教育的发展对社会政治经济制度、社会生产力发展水平和文化传统的变化和发展有重要作用。早在西周时期，统治者便开始按照行政区域设置学校，建立起从中央到地方的比较完备的学校教育制度。“建国君民，教学为先”揭示了教育与政治之间的密切关系。“君子如欲化民成俗，，其必由学乎”，强调了统治者通过学校教育对全国百姓进行普遍教化的社会功能。从古至今，我国学校教育在几千年的历史更迭中不断发展和进步。学校教育规模不断扩大，学校类型逐渐增多，教学内容日益丰富，教学方法日趋灵活，学校教育的作用也日渐重要，在实现我国现代化事业进程中起着不可替代的作用。然而，20世纪70年代中期以来，随着计划生育政策的实施，人口自然增长率下降；20世纪80年代末，工业化和城市化进程加快，农村人口大规模外流务工或迁出；知识经济的迅速发展，使教育的重要性日益凸显，不少农村学生为了追求优质教育资源转学至城内就读。人口出生率的自然下降和人口机械外流的增加，致使农村中小学校生源日渐不足。学校布局散、规模小、质量低的矛盾日益凸显。为了解决上述问题，2001年我国农村地区开始了新一轮农村中小学布局调整。文章选取平原县为个案，实地调研改革开放以来县域中小学校布局的历史变迁。在学校布局调整背景下，通过对该县农村中小学校布局调整的实施情况及调整后出现的问题的论述，以期针对具体问题提出合理化建议。绪论部分主要阐述了论文选题的缘由，在简要梳理国内外关于学校布局调整的相关研究后，明确该论文选题的研究意义，并阐述了论文中主要的概念及论文撰写过程中个案的选取及其采用的主要研究方法。第一章主要从历史变迁的角度分析了平原县自改革开放以来，县域学校的发展和历史变迁。该部分根据县域的教育发展历史将县域学校布局的历史变迁分为四个阶段：第一阶段为恢复与整顿时期（1978—1985年）；第二阶段为调整与优化时期（1986—1996年）；第三阶段为运动式撤点并校期（1997—2007年）；第四阶段为稳步建设和发展期（2008年—至今）。在梳理过程中，通过对历史的重构和再现，总结历史的经验和教训，为下文新一轮学校布局调整背景下县域中小学校布局调整的定位和分析奠定基础。第二章、第三章是文章的重点，分别阐述了县域小学和县域中学在新一轮中小学校布局调整背景下的具体实施和影响。第三章关于小学布局调整的实施。这一章通过对县域内2处教学点的具体调查研究，分别对农村教学点布局调整的缘由和教学点布局调整的实施过程进行详细阐述。第四章关于中学布局调整的实施。相比县域小学的调整来说，县域初中的布局调整没有那么复杂。布局调后，该县所有初中生全部就读于县城，即“初中进城”。因此，这一章主要选取该县1所初中，通过问卷和访谈的方式调查研究后，分别从县域“初中进城”的缘由、“初中进城”的实施过程以及对“初中进城”这一布局调整的利与弊进行了详细的解读。第四章主要是针对论文第三章、第四章县域中小学布局调整后出现的问题而进行的反思和建议。学校布局调整是我国基础教育发展的一项长期性、系统性的工作，农村中小学布局的调整直接影响着我国农村义务教育的发展。科学合理的学校布局调整不仅是必要的，而且还会促进农村义务教育的稳定发展。因此，在学校布局调整过程中，要科学规划、理性分析，实行因地制宜的布局调整政策。
[Abstract]:The development of school education has played an important role in the social and political economy system , the development of social productive forces and the change and development of cultural tradition .
In the late 1980s , the process of industrialization and urbanization accelerated , and the rural population had a large - scale outflow of migrant workers or emigration ;
In order to solve the above problems , the natural decline of the birth rate of the population and the increase of the outflow of the population caused the shortage of students . In order to solve the above problems , a new round of rural primary and secondary school layout adjustment has been started in the rural areas of China in 2001 . In order to solve the above - mentioned problems , the paper selects Pingyuan county as a case , investigates the implementation of the adjustment of the layout of the primary and secondary schools in the county , and discusses the problems after adjustment , with a view to putting forward rationalization proposals for the specific problems .

The introduction part mainly expounds the reason of the thesis selection , and after summarizing the relevant research on the adjustment of the school layout at home and abroad , it makes clear the research significance of the thesis , and expounds the main concepts in the thesis and the selection of the case and the main research methods used in the thesis .

The first chapter analyzes the development and historical changes of county schools from the perspective of historical changes , which is divided into four stages according to the history of the county ' s educational development : the first stage is the restoration and rectification period ( 1978 - 1985 ) ;
The second stage is the adjustment and optimization period ( 1986 - 1996 ) ;
The third stage is the movement type withdrawal and correction period ( 1997 - 2007 ) ;
Phase IV is a steady construction and development period ( 2008 - present ) . In the process of combing , through the reconstruction and reproduction of history , the experience and lessons of history are summarized , and the foundation is laid for the localization and analysis of the adjustment of the school layout of the county and primary schools in the background of the new round of school layout adjustment .

The second chapter , chapter three is the focus of the article , expounds the concrete implementation and influence of county primary school and county secondary school in the background of the new round of primary and secondary school layout adjustment .

The fourth chapter mainly focuses on the reflections and suggestions on the problems which arise after the adjustment of the layout of the primary and middle schools in Chapter 3 and Chapter IV of the thesis .

The adjustment of school layout is a long - term and systematic work in the development of basic education in China . The adjustment of the layout of primary and middle schools directly affects the development of rural compulsory education in China . It is not only necessary but also to promote the stable development of rural compulsory education .
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G639.2

【参考文献】