奥巴马政府医疗保险制度改革分析
发布时间：2018-07-26 18:04
【摘要】：美国总统奥巴马于2010年3月23日在白宫签署医疗保险改革法案，使该法案最终被写入美国法律。美国社会保障体系因此发生了40多年以来最为深刻的变化，美国民主党人努力多年的全面医改目标终将实现，标志着美国开始进入福利国家的时代。奥巴马政府此次医疗改革计划之目的是为了提高医疗保险的覆盖率、降低医疗费用、扩大医疗保障体系救助范围、加强政府对于医疗行业的监管，使得更多的民众能够享受健康保险，然而此次奥巴马医疗改革计划却受到了美国各个利益集团的阻挠，并且在司法、技术、财政预算等方面也遇到了种种难题。虽然此次奥巴马政府做出了一定的妥协——于2013年11月14日的电视讲话中，下令重新审视医疗保健体系改革，但此次奥巴马政府的医改计划仍然为美国医疗体制的进一步完善做出了巨大贡献，，其历史上的功绩是不可磨灭的。我国自进入21世纪以来，各种各样的问题开始凸显，如人口老龄化、地区医疗资源分布不均、医疗费用快速增长等，诸多的难题向政府发出了新的挑战。奥巴马医改中的一些改革措施也是值得我国借鉴学习的。 本文以美国医疗保险制度为主体展开讨论，概括医疗保险制度的特点及运行机制，对于医疗保险制度涉及的相关经济学理论做出了简单介绍。对奥巴马政府医改的背景进行相关的概述，就奥巴马进行医改的原因以及美国现行医疗体制的弊端进行讨论。对于此次奥巴马医疗改革的内容做了简要的介绍，例如提高覆盖率，调整税收政策和扩大援助计划，对保险行业监管，加大政府资金支持等内容。同时对于奥巴马医改的最新进展也进行了阐述和介绍，在文章第五部分笔者对奥巴马政府在进行医改的道路上所遇到的各种难题进行分析，并分析奥巴马医改给美国政治、经济、社会带来的影响。最后，本文结合目前我国医疗保险体制存在的问题，分析奥巴马政府医改对于我国医疗保险改革的借鉴意义，并对我国医疗保险体制的完善做出展望。
[Abstract]:U.S. President Barack Obama signed the health care reform bill at the White House on March 23, 2010, making it final in U.S. law. As a result, the most profound changes in the social security system have taken place in more than 40 years. The goal of comprehensive health care reform, which has been pursued by Democrats for many years, will eventually come true, marking the beginning of the era of the United States entering the welfare state. The aim of the Obama administration's health care reform plan is to increase the coverage of health insurance, reduce medical costs, expand the coverage of the health care system, and strengthen the government's supervision of the medical industry. The Obamacare plan has been blocked by interest groups in the United States and has run into legal, technical and budgetary challenges. Although the Obama administration has made some compromises in a televised address on November 14, 2013, it ordered a new look at health care reform. But the Obama administration's health reform plan has made a huge contribution to the further improvement of the U.S. health care system, and its historical achievements are indelible. Since China entered the 21st century, a variety of problems began to highlight, such as the aging of the population, uneven distribution of regional medical resources, rapid growth of medical costs, and so on. Many problems have given new challenges to the government. Some reform measures in Obamacare are also worth learning from our country. In this paper, the main body of the United States medical insurance system is discussed, the characteristics and operating mechanism of the medical insurance system are summarized, and the relevant economic theories involved in the medical insurance system are briefly introduced. An overview of the background of the Obama administration's health care reform and a discussion of the reasons for the reform and the shortcomings of the current health care system in the United States. A brief introduction was given to Obama's healthcare reform, such as increasing coverage, adjusting tax policies and expanding aid programs, regulating the insurance industry and increasing government funding. At the same time, the latest progress of Obamacare reform is also expounded and introduced. In the fifth part of the article, the author analyzes the various difficulties encountered by the Obama administration in carrying out health care reform, and analyzes Obama's health care reform to American politics. The economic and social impact. Finally, this paper analyzes the significance of the Obama administration health care reform to the reform of China's health insurance, and makes a prospect for the perfection of our country's medical insurance system in light of the problems existing in the current medical insurance system of our country.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R197.1;F847.12
本文编号：2146855
[Abstract]:U.S. President Barack Obama signed the health care reform bill at the White House on March 23, 2010, making it final in U.S. law. As a result, the most profound changes in the social security system have taken place in more than 40 years. The goal of comprehensive health care reform, which has been pursued by Democrats for many years, will eventually come true, marking the beginning of the era of the United States entering the welfare state. The aim of the Obama administration's health care reform plan is to increase the coverage of health insurance, reduce medical costs, expand the coverage of the health care system, and strengthen the government's supervision of the medical industry. The Obamacare plan has been blocked by interest groups in the United States and has run into legal, technical and budgetary challenges. Although the Obama administration has made some compromises in a televised address on November 14, 2013, it ordered a new look at health care reform. But the Obama administration's health reform plan has made a huge contribution to the further improvement of the U.S. health care system, and its historical achievements are indelible. Since China entered the 21st century, a variety of problems began to highlight, such as the aging of the population, uneven distribution of regional medical resources, rapid growth of medical costs, and so on. Many problems have given new challenges to the government. Some reform measures in Obamacare are also worth learning from our country. In this paper, the main body of the United States medical insurance system is discussed, the characteristics and operating mechanism of the medical insurance system are summarized, and the relevant economic theories involved in the medical insurance system are briefly introduced. An overview of the background of the Obama administration's health care reform and a discussion of the reasons for the reform and the shortcomings of the current health care system in the United States. A brief introduction was given to Obama's healthcare reform, such as increasing coverage, adjusting tax policies and expanding aid programs, regulating the insurance industry and increasing government funding. At the same time, the latest progress of Obamacare reform is also expounded and introduced. In the fifth part of the article, the author analyzes the various difficulties encountered by the Obama administration in carrying out health care reform, and analyzes Obama's health care reform to American politics. The economic and social impact. Finally, this paper analyzes the significance of the Obama administration health care reform to the reform of China's health insurance, and makes a prospect for the perfection of our country's medical insurance system in light of the problems existing in the current medical insurance system of our country.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R197.1;F847.12
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