宅基地使用权转让：问题及对策

发布时间：2018-07-26 19:03

【摘要】：我国农村宅基地使用权制度是历史发展的产物，自设立之初就承担着社会保障功能，在大力发展重工业、农村发展落后的政治、经济背景之下，将宅基地使用权人严格限定在本经济经济组织的确具有稳定农村的作用。但是，随着市场经济体制的建立与不断完善，城乡之间人口、资源等要素的流动也越来越频繁，这一制度安排已经严重背离了市场经济本身的运行规律，使得农村大量宅基地闲置和浪费，在整体上加剧了人地矛盾。同时，在“房地一体”主义的原则之下，限制农村宅基地使用权转让，也就变相的限制了农民房屋的转让，损害了农民财产权的实现。中共十八届三中全全会审议通过的《决定》提出要保障农民宅基地使用权用益物权，改善农村宅基地使用权制度，选取试点，允许农村宅基地使用权转让、抵押等，这为宅基地使用权转让制度改革指明了方向，是继2007年《中华人民共和国物权法》将宅基地使用权作为用益物权的一种加以规定之后的又一次重要决定。但是，这种改革涉及到多方面利益关系的调整，需要我们在全面放开宅基地使用权转让，允许农民进行自由转让同时，通过完善相关法律规范、落实变更登记、构建实质公平的利益分配方式等方面，，保障宅基地使用权转让制度改革的顺畅、有序进行。
[Abstract]:The system of rural homestead use right in China is the product of historical development. It has assumed the function of social security from the beginning of its establishment. Under the political and economic background of vigorously developing heavy industry and backward rural development, the system of rural homestead use right is the product of historical development. Housing land use rights strictly limited in the economic organization does have the role of stabilizing the countryside. However, with the establishment and continuous improvement of the market economy system, the flow of population, resources and other elements between urban and rural areas has become more and more frequent. This institutional arrangement has seriously deviated from the operation law of the market economy itself. Make a large number of rural homestead idle and wasteful, on the whole exacerbated the contradiction between people and land. At the same time, under the principle of "integration of premises", restricting the transfer of the right to use the rural homestead, it also limits the transfer of the farmer's house in disguise, and damages the realization of the farmer's property right. The "decision" adopted by the third Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee proposed to protect the usufruct of rural homestead use rights, improve the system of rural homestead use rights, select pilot projects, allow the transfer and mortgage of rural homestead use rights, etc. This has pointed out the direction for the reform of the system of the transfer of the right to use the homestead, and is another important decision after the 2007 Law of the people's Republic of China regarding the right to use the homestead as a usufruct right. However, this kind of reform involves the adjustment of various interests, which requires us to release the transfer of the right to use the homestead in an all-round way, to allow the peasants to transfer freely, and at the same time, to implement the change registration by perfecting the relevant laws and regulations. In order to ensure the smooth and orderly reform of the transfer system of homestead use right, it is necessary to construct a substantial and fair way of distribution of interests.
【学位授予单位】：山东财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D923.2

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