早期华侨文学中的东南亚地区殖民地状况——从《噶喇吧纪略》和《海岛逸志》谈起

发布时间：2018-07-28 19:21

【摘要】：通过《噶喇吧纪略》和《海岛逸志》这两部清乾隆时期华侨的海外见闻录可见,东南亚地区无论在政治、经济,还是文化方面,都与古代中国有着非常紧密的联系,但随着明清海禁政策的影响,"海上丝绸之路"逐渐衰落,中国的海外贸易急剧萎缩,对东南亚地区的掌控力也日益丧失;与此相反,欧洲国家则在资本主义制度的支撑下,借助现代航海技术,沿着这条古老的航线来到广阔富饶的亚洲地区,经略他们的海外殖民地,掠夺原料,开辟市场。许多中国东南沿海地区居民也沿着"海上丝绸之路"南下来到东南亚国家,在改善自己生活的同时,也为当地的社会与经济发展做出了贡献,这些海外移民华侨与当地人及殖民者之间既协作共存,更存在着利益纷争,随着当地经济的发展,这种纷争日益明显,在欧洲殖民者的殖民统治下,外来华人的生活与生产都受到种种限制,这也成为后来当地种族冲突的历史根源。这两部华侨见闻录不仅为我们了解清代东南亚殖民地的社会状况提供了宝贵的文字资料,更展示了近代国际关系的结构性与根源性问题。
[Abstract]:Through the overseas accounts of overseas Chinese in the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, "Kara Ba Ji Li" and "Island Evening Records", we can see that Southeast Asia has very close ties with ancient China in political, economic, and cultural aspects. However, with the influence of the ban on the sea in the Ming and Qing dynasties, the "Maritime Silk Road" gradually declined, China's overseas trade shrank sharply, and its control over Southeast Asia was increasingly lost. On the contrary, European countries were supported by the capitalist system. With the help of modern navigation technology, along this ancient route to the vast and fertile region of Asia, their overseas colonies, pillaging raw materials, opening up markets. Many residents of the southeast coastal areas of China have also traveled south along the "Maritime Silk Road" to Southeast Asian countries to improve their lives while also contributing to the local social and economic development. These immigrants and overseas Chinese co-existed with the local people and the colonists, and there were also conflicts of interests. With the development of the local economy, this kind of dispute became increasingly obvious. Under the colonial rule of the European colonists, The life and production of foreign Chinese were restricted, which became the historical root of later ethnic conflicts. These two books not only provided us with valuable information about the social conditions of the Southeast Asian colonies in the Qing Dynasty, but also revealed the structural and root problems of the international relations in modern times.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院文学所;
【分类号】：I207.62

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