叶圣陶阅读教学方法研究

发布时间：2018-09-10 18:13

【摘要】：叶圣陶是我国教育史上贡献巨大、影响深远的语文教育家。在其七十多年的语文教育生涯中，对于阅读教学提出了许多精辟的见解。本文在理解“教学方法”概念的基础上，从阅读教学指导思想、阅读教学过程、阅读教学指导方式三个层面对叶圣陶阅读教学方法进行全面解读，并阐述了叶圣陶阅读教学方法的当代价值。引言部分：阐述选题的缘由，综述了叶圣陶阅读教学方法的研究成果，并对“教学方法”等核心概念进行了界定，确定本文研究思路：从“教学指导思想”、“教学过程”、“教学指导方式”三个层面解读叶圣陶阅读教学方法。第一章：叶圣陶阅读教学方法形成背景。二十世纪的中国正处于新旧交替时期，社会、政治、经济各方面都发生了天翻地覆的变化。优秀传统文化和新兴先进文化为叶圣陶阅读教学方法奠定了基础。第二章：叶圣陶阅读教学指导思想方法。“教是为了达到不需要教”是叶圣陶毕生教育实践的经验总结，是语文教学的最高指导思想，处理“教”与“学”的关系、教材的使用和处理都是以这种思想为指导原则；“阅读的实质是双向交流的过程”决定了要开展好阅读教学，就要正确处理读者与文本之间的对话过程、读者与读者之间的对话过程；“阅读教学的目的是培养良好的阅读能力和习惯”这个目的论指明了正确的阅读教学过程和指导方式的方向。第三章：叶圣陶阅读教学过程方法。叶圣陶阅读教学过程分为“预习—讨论—练习”三个阶段。关于每个阶段对于阅读能力的形成的重要意义，三个阶段要实施的内容和要注意的问题这一章都有具体阐述。第四章：叶圣陶阅读教学方式方法。先把叶圣陶阅读教学方式方法概括为“精读法”、“略读法”、“参读法”三类，再分别论述了“精读法”、“略读法”的意义和特点，从“精读法”里选择“吟诵法”、“揣摩法”、“欣赏法”，从“略读法”里选择“速读法”、“笔记法”做出了具体阐述。第五章：叶圣陶阅读教学方法的当代价值。叶圣陶阅读教学方法历久弥新，与语文新课程标准中的许多表述如出一辙；当代名家名师从叶圣陶阅读教学方法中受益颇多，钱梦龙、魏书生是其中突出的代表。在用叶圣陶阅读教学方法指导当代的阅读教学实践时，应注意真正做到启发式教学，把握好语文学科的性质特征。结语：对叶圣陶阅读教学方法研究进行总结，反思研究中存在的问题，，为后续研究提供经验借鉴，也为推动阅读教学改革的发展做出一点努力。
[Abstract]:Ye Shengtao is a Chinese educator with great contribution and profound influence in the history of Chinese education. In his more than 70 years of Chinese education career, for reading teaching put forward many incisive views. On the basis of understanding the concept of "teaching method", this paper comprehensively interprets Ye Shengtao's reading teaching method from three aspects: the guiding ideology of reading teaching, the teaching process of reading, and the guiding mode of reading teaching. And elaborated Ye Shengtao reading teaching method the contemporary value. The introduction part: explains the reason of choosing the topic, summarizes the research results of Ye Shengtao's reading teaching method, and defines the core concepts such as "teaching method", and determines the research ideas of this paper: from "teaching guiding ideology", "teaching process", Interpretation of Ye Shengtao's Reading Teaching method from three aspects of Teaching instruction. The first chapter: Ye Shengtao reading teaching method formation background. China in the 20th century is in the new-old period, social, political and economic aspects have undergone earth-shaking changes. Excellent traditional culture and new advanced culture have laid the foundation for Ye Shengtao's reading teaching method. The second chapter: Ye Shengtao reading teaching guiding ideology method. "Teaching is for the sake of not needing to teach" is the summary of Ye Shengtao's lifelong educational practice and the highest guiding ideology of Chinese teaching, which is the guiding principle in dealing with the relationship between "teaching" and "learning". "the essence of reading is the process of two-way communication" determines that in order to carry out reading teaching well, we must correctly handle the dialogue process between readers and texts, and the dialogue process between readers and readers. The aim of reading teaching is to cultivate good reading ability and habit. The third chapter: Ye Shengtao reading teaching process method. Ye Shengtao's reading teaching process is divided into three stages: preview-discussion-practice. As to the significance of each stage in the formation of reading ability, the contents of the three stages and the problems to be paid attention to are all elaborated in this chapter. The fourth chapter: Ye Shengtao reading teaching method. This paper first generalizes Ye Shengtao's reading teaching methods as "intensive reading method", "skimming method", "reference reading method", then discusses the meaning and characteristics of "intensive reading method" and "skimming method", and selects "reciting method" from "intensive reading method". "guess Law", "appreciation method", choose "Speed Reading method" from "skimming method", "Note method" to make a specific elaboration. Chapter five: the contemporary value of Ye Shengtao's reading teaching method. Ye Shengtao's reading teaching method is old and new, which is similar to many expressions in the new Chinese curriculum standard, and the famous contemporary scholars have benefited a lot from the reading teaching method of Ye Shengtao. Qian Menglong and Wei Shusheng are prominent representatives of them. When using Ye Shengtao's reading teaching method to guide the contemporary reading teaching practice, we should pay attention to the heuristic teaching and grasp the nature of the Chinese subject. Conclusion: summarize the study of Ye Shengtao's reading teaching methods, reflect on the existing problems in the study, provide experience for further study, and make some efforts to promote the development of reading teaching reform.
【学位授予单位】：海南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G633.33

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