北京中心城医疗功能疏解的现状、问题及对策研究
发布时间：2018-09-19 18:27
【摘要】：在经济全球化的大背景下，随着我国经济的飞速发展，北京作为我国的政治、经济和文化中心，经济、社会和文化格局正处于变革之中。随着城市化进程的加快，北京城市迅速发展，由于其作为首都的特殊地位，过多的城市功能集中于中心城区，对城市的正常运行和发展造成了巨大的压力，由此也导致了一系列的社会经济发展问题。医疗功能作为关系广大人民群众健康的一项重要功能，成为了功能疏解问题中的重要一环。本文紧紧围绕北京中心城市医疗功能疏解这一中心，分析了北京中心城市医疗功能疏解的现状，提出了北京中心城市医疗功能疏解当前所面临的问题，在进行深入理论探究和借鉴国内外大都市发展经验的基础上，做出了一系列针对北京中心城市医疗功能疏解的对策研究及政策建议。 本文具体来说，有三个研究目标：一是对北京中心城市医疗功能疏解的现状进行评估；二是探讨北京中心城市医疗功能疏解滞后的原因；三是提出北京中心城市医疗功能疏解的政策建议。从研究的需要出发，注重文献研究与调查研究结合、共性分析与特性分析结合；定性、定量分析与空间研究结合，理论性和应用性研究结合，将研究规律趋势、破解发展难题、设计实现机制、提出政策建议作为研究的基础和主线。从研究脉络上来说，主要有以下几个部分： 第一部分是导论部分，指出了本研究的研究背景及研究意义。提出医疗功能在北京城市医疗功能疏解中的重要意义。提出了本研究的研究目标和研究内容，并做出了相应的研究计划。提出了拟研究方法和可行性分析。最后又对国内外研究现状进行了综述性阐述，分别从国内外特大城市功能疏解现状和北京医疗功能疏解现状两方面进行了全局性的背景研究。 第二部分是理论探讨，对大都市医疗功能疏解的空间演化规律和发展趋势进行研究。从内在动因，发展阶段和空间演化三个方面对本文研究的理论基础进行了全面而深入的研究。 第三部分是国际经验借鉴。以伦敦、巴黎、东京和首尔为例，研究了其各自的医疗发展情况，对其城市公共医疗服务的布局和调控进行了概述和经验汲取。 第四部分是北京医疗资源疏解问题及原因研究，包括北京医疗资源疏解的现状与问题分析和北京医疗资源疏解成效不显著的主要成因分析两个方面。指出北京市医疗资源总体不足，医疗资源增长速度一直低于经济增长速度，且核心的医疗资源增长更加缓慢；北京市医疗资源分布不均，主要分布在东、西城等核心区；从区域分布上看，一是从医疗机构数量分布来看，二是医疗人员数分布来看，三 是从总量来看，四是从人均水平来看，五是从医疗产品质量来看，六是从医疗资源配置与人口数量匹配度来看；北京医疗资源总体已经呈现向周边疏解的趋势，但优质医疗资源集聚在市中心，疏解效果不显著；北京医疗资源服务对象的面向区域性和全国性，导致核心区的大医院不堪重负、“看病难”日益突出；在以上问题提出的基础上分析了原因分别是1.供给原因一：政府投入不足是主要原因，以药养医，导致医疗资源呈现两极分化的趋势；2.供给原因二：社会力量办医发展速度严重滞后，，导致医疗这种公共服务供给明显不足3.体制机制原因：由于历史和虹吸效应的原因，导致优质的医疗资源难以疏解到周边4.需求原因一：由于患者观念和利益机制的原因，导致优质医疗资源的极大浪费5.需求原因二：人们对优质医疗资源的迫切需求与优质医疗资源供给不足存在矛盾。 第五部分是北京医疗资源疏解机制与途径研究，主要给出了以下的机制和途径：一是进行顶层设计，划分城市功能区，有序疏解北京优质医疗资源；二是加大政府投入的同时，鼓励社会力量办医或对现有的三甲医院进行股份制改造，增强现有优质医疗医院的活力；三是加大北京中心城区对优质医疗资源的向外推动力；四是增加优质医疗资源承接地的吸引力 第六部分是北京中心城市功能疏解的政策建议，主要给出了以下几个方面的意见和建议：一是进行医疗资源的顶层设计，强调优质医疗资源的功能定位；二是中心城区优质医疗资源发展严格限制，鼓励其向周边新城疏解；三是对现有的三甲医院进行股份制改造。鼓励社会力量办医或对现有的三甲医院进行股份制改造，增强其活力；四是创新医疗执业模式，优化医疗保障体系；五是加强政府对医疗资源的投入力度，推进医疗资源均衡发展 最后两部分是结语和致谢，对全文进行了总结，表达了对写作过程中获得的帮助的谢意。
[Abstract]:Under the background of economic globalization, with the rapid development of China's economy, Beijing, as the political, economic and cultural center of China, is undergoing changes in its economic, social and cultural patterns. With the acceleration of urbanization, Beijing is developing rapidly. Because of its special status as the capital, too many urban functions are concentrated in the center. As an important function related to the health of the masses, medical function has become an important part of the problem of functional relief. This paper focuses on the medical function relief in the central city of Beijing. This paper analyzes the current situation of medical function relaxation in the central city of Beijing, puts forward the current problems faced by medical function relaxation in the central city of Beijing, and puts forward a series of countermeasures and policy suggestions for medical function relaxation in the central city of Beijing on the basis of in-depth theoretical research and drawing on the experience of metropolitan development at home and abroad.
Specifically, this paper has three research objectives: first, to evaluate the status quo of medical function dilution in central cities of Beijing; second, to explore the reasons for the lag of medical function dilution in central cities of Beijing; third, to put forward policy recommendations for medical function dilution in central cities of Beijing. It combines qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis and spatial research, combines theoretical research with applied research, combines research trends, solves development problems, designs implementation mechanisms, and puts forward policy recommendations as the basis and main line of research.
The first part is the introduction part, pointing out the research background and significance of this study, putting forward the important significance of medical function in urban medical function relief in Beijing, putting forward the research objectives and contents of this study, and making the corresponding research plan, putting forward the research methods and feasibility analysis. This paper summarizes the current situation and makes a comprehensive background study on the status quo of medical function mediation in Beijing and the status quo of medical function mediation in megacities at home and abroad.
The second part is the theoretical discussion, which studies the spatial evolution law and the development trend of the urban medical function dilution.
The third part is the international experience for reference. Taking London, Paris, Tokyo and Seoul as examples, this paper studies their respective medical development, and summarizes the layout and regulation of urban public health services.
The fourth part is the research on the problems and causes of medical resources relief in Beijing, including the current situation and problems of medical resources relief in Beijing and the analysis of the main causes of the ineffective medical resources relief in Beijing. The growth of medical resources is slower; the distribution of medical resources in Beijing is uneven, mainly distributed in the eastern and Western core areas; from the regional distribution point of view, one is the number of medical institutions, the other is the number of medical personnel distribution point of view, three
Fourth, from the per capita level, fifth, from the quality of medical products, sixth, from the matching degree between the allocation of medical resources and the number of people. Facing the regional and national, leading to the core area of large hospitals can not bear the burden, "difficult to see a doctor" is becoming increasingly prominent; on the basis of the above problems, the reasons are analyzed as follows: 1. The lack of government investment is the main reason for the supply of medicine, leading to the polarization of medical resources; 2. Supply reasons 2: social forces The development speed of the doctor-in-charge is lagging behind seriously, which leads to the obvious shortage of medical service. 3. System and mechanism reasons: because of the history and siphon effect, it is difficult for high-quality medical resources to be dredged to the surrounding areas. 4. Demand reasons: 1. Because of the concept of patients and interest mechanism, leading to a great waste of high-quality medical resources. 5. The second reason is that there is a contradiction between the urgent demand for high-quality medical resources and the insufficient supply of high-quality medical resources.
The fifth part is the research on the mechanism and approach of medical resources relief in Beijing, which mainly gives the following mechanisms and approaches: firstly, the top-level design, the division of urban functional areas, orderly relief of high-quality medical resources in Beijing; secondly, the increase of government investment while encouraging social forces to run hospitals or the joint-stock reform of the existing third-class hospitals, increase Strengthen the vitality of existing high-quality medical hospitals; increase the external impetus of Beijing central urban areas to high-quality medical resources; Fourth, increase the attraction of high-quality medical resources grounded.
The sixth part is the policy suggestion of Beijing central city function dilution, which mainly gives the following opinions and suggestions: first, carry out the top-level design of medical resources, emphasizing the functional orientation of high-quality medical resources; second, strictly restrict the development of high-quality medical resources in the central urban area, encourage them to relocate to the surrounding new towns; third, the current situation. Some third-class hospitals carry out joint-stock reform, encouraging social forces to run hospitals or share-holding reform of the existing third-class hospitals to enhance their vitality; Fourth, innovating medical practice mode to optimize the medical security system; Fifth, strengthening government investment in medical resources to promote balanced development of medical resources.
The last two parts are the concluding remarks and thanks, which summarize the whole paper and express the gratitude for the help gained in the process of writing.
【学位授予单位】：首都经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R197.1
本文编号：2250962
[Abstract]:Under the background of economic globalization, with the rapid development of China's economy, Beijing, as the political, economic and cultural center of China, is undergoing changes in its economic, social and cultural patterns. With the acceleration of urbanization, Beijing is developing rapidly. Because of its special status as the capital, too many urban functions are concentrated in the center. As an important function related to the health of the masses, medical function has become an important part of the problem of functional relief. This paper focuses on the medical function relief in the central city of Beijing. This paper analyzes the current situation of medical function relaxation in the central city of Beijing, puts forward the current problems faced by medical function relaxation in the central city of Beijing, and puts forward a series of countermeasures and policy suggestions for medical function relaxation in the central city of Beijing on the basis of in-depth theoretical research and drawing on the experience of metropolitan development at home and abroad.
Specifically, this paper has three research objectives: first, to evaluate the status quo of medical function dilution in central cities of Beijing; second, to explore the reasons for the lag of medical function dilution in central cities of Beijing; third, to put forward policy recommendations for medical function dilution in central cities of Beijing. It combines qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis and spatial research, combines theoretical research with applied research, combines research trends, solves development problems, designs implementation mechanisms, and puts forward policy recommendations as the basis and main line of research.
The first part is the introduction part, pointing out the research background and significance of this study, putting forward the important significance of medical function in urban medical function relief in Beijing, putting forward the research objectives and contents of this study, and making the corresponding research plan, putting forward the research methods and feasibility analysis. This paper summarizes the current situation and makes a comprehensive background study on the status quo of medical function mediation in Beijing and the status quo of medical function mediation in megacities at home and abroad.
The second part is the theoretical discussion, which studies the spatial evolution law and the development trend of the urban medical function dilution.
The third part is the international experience for reference. Taking London, Paris, Tokyo and Seoul as examples, this paper studies their respective medical development, and summarizes the layout and regulation of urban public health services.
The fourth part is the research on the problems and causes of medical resources relief in Beijing, including the current situation and problems of medical resources relief in Beijing and the analysis of the main causes of the ineffective medical resources relief in Beijing. The growth of medical resources is slower; the distribution of medical resources in Beijing is uneven, mainly distributed in the eastern and Western core areas; from the regional distribution point of view, one is the number of medical institutions, the other is the number of medical personnel distribution point of view, three
Fourth, from the per capita level, fifth, from the quality of medical products, sixth, from the matching degree between the allocation of medical resources and the number of people. Facing the regional and national, leading to the core area of large hospitals can not bear the burden, "difficult to see a doctor" is becoming increasingly prominent; on the basis of the above problems, the reasons are analyzed as follows: 1. The lack of government investment is the main reason for the supply of medicine, leading to the polarization of medical resources; 2. Supply reasons 2: social forces The development speed of the doctor-in-charge is lagging behind seriously, which leads to the obvious shortage of medical service. 3. System and mechanism reasons: because of the history and siphon effect, it is difficult for high-quality medical resources to be dredged to the surrounding areas. 4. Demand reasons: 1. Because of the concept of patients and interest mechanism, leading to a great waste of high-quality medical resources. 5. The second reason is that there is a contradiction between the urgent demand for high-quality medical resources and the insufficient supply of high-quality medical resources.
The fifth part is the research on the mechanism and approach of medical resources relief in Beijing, which mainly gives the following mechanisms and approaches: firstly, the top-level design, the division of urban functional areas, orderly relief of high-quality medical resources in Beijing; secondly, the increase of government investment while encouraging social forces to run hospitals or the joint-stock reform of the existing third-class hospitals, increase Strengthen the vitality of existing high-quality medical hospitals; increase the external impetus of Beijing central urban areas to high-quality medical resources; Fourth, increase the attraction of high-quality medical resources grounded.
The sixth part is the policy suggestion of Beijing central city function dilution, which mainly gives the following opinions and suggestions: first, carry out the top-level design of medical resources, emphasizing the functional orientation of high-quality medical resources; second, strictly restrict the development of high-quality medical resources in the central urban area, encourage them to relocate to the surrounding new towns; third, the current situation. Some third-class hospitals carry out joint-stock reform, encouraging social forces to run hospitals or share-holding reform of the existing third-class hospitals to enhance their vitality; Fourth, innovating medical practice mode to optimize the medical security system; Fifth, strengthening government investment in medical resources to promote balanced development of medical resources.
The last two parts are the concluding remarks and thanks, which summarize the whole paper and express the gratitude for the help gained in the process of writing.
【学位授予单位】：首都经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R197.1
【引证文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 温源;王佳嘉;刘建华;杜明义;;北京市医疗资源移动GIS服务系统研究与实现[J];地理空间信息;2015年06期
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 袁涛;太原市医疗资源配置现状分析[D];山西医科大学;2015年
本文编号：2250962
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