论我国公民迁徙自由权的保障及实现

发布时间：2018-10-08 19:48

【摘要】：迁徙自由权是公民的一项基本人权,世界上大多数国家的《宪法》都对其进行了规定,《世界人权宣言》和《公民权利与政治权利国际公约》也确认了公民的这一权利。出于政治、经济等方面的考虑,我国现行《宪法》并没有规定公民的迁徙自由权。但是在全球经济一体化、经济迅速发展的时代,在我国确认公民的迁徙自由权是十分必要的。为了对我国公民迁徙自由权的保障和实现进行研究,构建我国公民的迁徙自由权制度,首先应从权利、自由、迁徙三个方面对迁徙自由权进行法理解说,并侧重迁徙自由权的性质和独特性。进而在介绍公民迁徙自由权历史演变的基础上,通过分析公民迁徙自由权的域外和域内发展变迁,为研究我国公民迁徙自由权的保障和实现提供借鉴和现实基础。基于此,以点及面结合实际情况及最新法律规定从户籍、教育、社会保障制度三个方面分析我国迁徙自由权的现状,根据现状从立法、理念、制度三个方面总结迁徙自由权存在的障碍。认为保障和实现我国公民的迁徙自由权应以一种理性的思维来看待该权利,逐步放开迁徙自由权,将公民的迁徙自由权写入宪法并规定相关救济措施,同时应对相关制度进行改革,只有户籍、教育、社会保障、土地、财政等制度全面推进、完善,才能使我国公民迁徙自由权得到切实保障和实现。
[Abstract]:The right to freedom of movement is a basic human right of citizens, which is stipulated in the Constitution of most countries in the world. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and political Rights also affirm this right of citizens. Due to political and economic considerations, the present Constitution of China does not provide for citizens' right to freedom of movement. However, in the era of global economic integration and rapid economic development, it is necessary to affirm citizens' right to freedom of movement in our country. In order to study the protection and realization of the right to freedom of movement of Chinese citizens and to construct the system of the right to freedom of movement of our country, we should first explain the right of freedom of movement from three aspects: right, freedom and migration. And focus on the nature and uniqueness of the right to freedom of movement. On the basis of introducing the historical evolution of citizen's right to freedom of movement, this paper provides a reference and practical basis for the study of the protection and realization of the right to freedom of movement of citizens in China by analyzing the development and changes of the right of freedom of movement outside the territory and within the region. Based on this, this paper analyzes the status quo of the right to freedom of movement in our country from three aspects of household registration, education and social security system, according to the actual situation and the latest legal provisions. According to the present situation, the author analyzes the status quo of the right to freedom of movement in China. Three aspects of the system summed up the obstacles to the right to freedom of movement. It is believed that the protection and realization of the right to freedom of movement of Chinese citizens should be viewed with a rational thinking, gradually liberalize the right to freedom of movement, write the right of freedom of movement of citizens into the Constitution and stipulate relevant relief measures. At the same time, the relevant system should be reformed, only the system of household registration, education, social security, land, finance and so on can be fully promoted and perfected in order to ensure and realize the right to freedom of movement of Chinese citizens.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D921

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