社会运动理论视角下的邻避运动研究
发布时间：2018-11-02 18:47
【摘要】：“禹之治水,水之道也,是故禹以四海为壑。今吾子以邻国为壑。水逆行,谓之洚水,洚水者,洪水也,仁人之所恶也。”这便是《孟子》中,“以邻为壑”一词的由来。然而,如今,在工业社会的中国,“以邻为壑”正在演绎一个新的版本,即“以邻避设施为壑”,并由此延伸出一系列轰轰烈烈的邻避运动。 自2007年的厦门PX项目事件中出现的百万群众聚集厦门街头“散步”算起,六年来,邻避运动在我国从未终止过,甚至有愈演愈烈的态势。理论上讲,公民通过参加社会运动实现自己的利益诉求是一件正当合理的事情,也是我国政治开放性包容性不断增强的表现。但是当前我国的邻避运动却陷入了“设施建设——邻避运动——设施停建(迁址)”的“中国式邻避困境”。哪里有邻避项目,哪里就发生邻避运动。一个地区的民众在邻避运动中的胜利,往往会鼓励另一个地区的民众在邻避运动中的策略选择和行为方式。可以预见,照此模式发展下去,任何具有负效应的设施和项目都将无落脚之处。 本文基于当前我国邻避抗争过程中出现的“中国式邻避困境”,在众多学者研究的基础上,通过借鉴西方的社会运动理论,构建了一个邻避运动的分析模型,即在“变迁、话语和结构”三大要素的指引下,从政治、经济、社会、科技、心理等多方面探析当前我国邻避运动发生的动因,从“组织和网络、空间环境、国家行为方式、情感、文化、媒体报道”等多方面分析运动的动员结构、话语策略和行动策略,进而考察我国邻避运动过程中互动的双方——邻避的参与者和政府部门的应对者——行为的不足之处。最后,在借鉴西方社会运动应对策略的基础上,结合我国当期邻避运动的实例,提出了从民主政治建设、政权合法性建设、民众情感建设和公民社会建设四大方面,提出畅通群众表达渠道,重视公民参与；改善国家——社会关系,巩固政权合法性；分类处理事件,重视民众情感；壮大公民社会,充分发挥NGO作用等治理之策。
[Abstract]:"Yu's governance of the water, the way of water, is Yu to the world as a beggar. My son is a neighbour. Water goes retrograde, that is to say, it causes water to flow, and floods also mean evil to people. " This is the origin of the word "beggar-thy-neighbour" in Mencius. Today, however, in industrial China, beggar-thy-neighbour is interpreting a new version of "beggar-thy-neighbour facilities", which extends a series of vigorous neighboring avoidance movements. Since the event of PX project in Xiamen in 2007, millions of people gathered in Xiamen streets to "walk", in the past six years, the neighboring avoidance movement in China has never stopped, or even intensified. Theoretically, it is a legitimate and reasonable thing for citizens to realize their interests by participating in social movements, and it is also the manifestation of increasing political openness and inclusiveness in our country. But at present, our country's neighboring avoidance movement is caught in the "Chinese style neighbor avoidance", which is "facility construction-neighbor avoidance movement-facility stopping construction (relocation)". Where there is an adjacent avoidance event, there will be a neighborhood avoidance movement. The victory of people in one region in neighborhood avoidance often encourages people in another region to choose strategies and behaviors in neighborhood avoidance. Predictably, under this model, any facilities and projects with negative effects will have no foothold. Based on the "Chinese style of neighbor avoidance" in the process of adjoining resistance in our country, and on the basis of many scholars' research, this paper constructs an analytical model of adjacent avoidance movement by drawing lessons from the western social movement theory, that is, "vicissitude". Under the guidance of the three major elements of discourse and structure, this paper explores the causes of the current movement of neighborhood avoidance in China from the political, economic, social, scientific and technological, psychological, and other aspects, from the perspective of "organization and network, spatial environment, state behavior, emotion, culture," etc. Media reports, and other aspects, analyze the mobilization structure, discourse strategies and action strategies of the movement, and then investigate the shortcomings of the interaction between the two sides in the process of the adversarial movement in our country, namely, the participants of the neighboring avoidance and the responders of the government departments. Finally, on the basis of referring to the coping strategies of the western social movements and combining with the examples of the current neighboring movement in our country, this paper puts forward four aspects: the construction of democratic politics, the construction of the legitimacy of political power, the construction of public emotion and the construction of civil society. To put forward unimpeded channels of mass expression and attach importance to citizen participation; To improve the state-social relations, to consolidate the legitimacy of the regime, to deal with events in a classified manner, to attach importance to the feelings of the people, to strengthen the civil society, and to give full play to the role of NGO, and so on.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D630
本文编号：2306650
[Abstract]:"Yu's governance of the water, the way of water, is Yu to the world as a beggar. My son is a neighbour. Water goes retrograde, that is to say, it causes water to flow, and floods also mean evil to people. " This is the origin of the word "beggar-thy-neighbour" in Mencius. Today, however, in industrial China, beggar-thy-neighbour is interpreting a new version of "beggar-thy-neighbour facilities", which extends a series of vigorous neighboring avoidance movements. Since the event of PX project in Xiamen in 2007, millions of people gathered in Xiamen streets to "walk", in the past six years, the neighboring avoidance movement in China has never stopped, or even intensified. Theoretically, it is a legitimate and reasonable thing for citizens to realize their interests by participating in social movements, and it is also the manifestation of increasing political openness and inclusiveness in our country. But at present, our country's neighboring avoidance movement is caught in the "Chinese style neighbor avoidance", which is "facility construction-neighbor avoidance movement-facility stopping construction (relocation)". Where there is an adjacent avoidance event, there will be a neighborhood avoidance movement. The victory of people in one region in neighborhood avoidance often encourages people in another region to choose strategies and behaviors in neighborhood avoidance. Predictably, under this model, any facilities and projects with negative effects will have no foothold. Based on the "Chinese style of neighbor avoidance" in the process of adjoining resistance in our country, and on the basis of many scholars' research, this paper constructs an analytical model of adjacent avoidance movement by drawing lessons from the western social movement theory, that is, "vicissitude". Under the guidance of the three major elements of discourse and structure, this paper explores the causes of the current movement of neighborhood avoidance in China from the political, economic, social, scientific and technological, psychological, and other aspects, from the perspective of "organization and network, spatial environment, state behavior, emotion, culture," etc. Media reports, and other aspects, analyze the mobilization structure, discourse strategies and action strategies of the movement, and then investigate the shortcomings of the interaction between the two sides in the process of the adversarial movement in our country, namely, the participants of the neighboring avoidance and the responders of the government departments. Finally, on the basis of referring to the coping strategies of the western social movements and combining with the examples of the current neighboring movement in our country, this paper puts forward four aspects: the construction of democratic politics, the construction of the legitimacy of political power, the construction of public emotion and the construction of civil society. To put forward unimpeded channels of mass expression and attach importance to citizen participation; To improve the state-social relations, to consolidate the legitimacy of the regime, to deal with events in a classified manner, to attach importance to the feelings of the people, to strengthen the civil society, and to give full play to the role of NGO, and so on.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D630
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