中国城镇发展动力历史演进研究
发布时间：2018-11-18 08:07
【摘要】：城镇是社会经济发展到一定阶段的产物，又反过来成为推动社会发展的强大动力。在相当长的历史时期内，中国城镇发展水平一直处于世界领先的地位。在五千年中华文明史上，城镇成为促进生产力进步和推动社会经济发展的重要载体。近年以来，城镇的发展更是日新月异，城镇化、现代化成为世界各国发展的一个大的趋势。与此同时，随着社会政治经济环境的不断变化，城镇发展的新问题不断涌现，如何促使城镇快速发展并最大可能的减少城镇发展中的诸多问题，一个重要的方面就是厘清城镇发展的动力机制，这项任务已成为时代赋予我们的历史责任。中央曾多次提出加快城镇化步伐，然而要策划现代城镇开发、统筹城乡发展，既要面对眼前的现状，又需要考察其历史，对于如何发展城镇更要以科学研究的态度“慎思之，，明辨之，笃行之”。研究城市发展动力正是站在更开阔的视角、更深的层次透过城镇历史发展的表面去厘清城镇发展的内涵关系。本文在系统梳理先贤研究成果的基础上，以中国城镇发展的动力演进为主线，站在历史的角度去厘清不同历史时期城镇的主要发展动力，通过动力主线的分析试图还原一个真实的城镇发展历程，并以提升现阶段新型城镇化动力为落脚点，给予相应的政策建议，以期能为新型城镇化提供借鉴。 1.上古时期城镇产生的原始动力。从文明发展的角度出发，探讨了我国城镇起源于三皇五帝时代，初形于夏代。城镇作为古代文明的重要载体和直接表现，其发展动力来源于农业发展的基础动力、安全需求的本源动力、市场产生后聚集人群的直接动力，但从根本上来说其动力来源于农业社会生产力的提高。 2.中古时期集权政治的强化及城镇体系的形成。秦统一以后，中央集权统治的内外需求，使得郡县制行政体制设置的各级行政中心城市，构成了郡县制城镇体系。从城镇管理行政化、城镇安全军事化、城镇官营经济三方面客观分析了城镇职能行政化特征。最后分析了“城政合一”体系下的国家控制强化，通过城镇发展轴线映证国家政治权力在城镇发展中的决定性作用。 3.近古时期商品经济的繁荣及城镇的整体发展。入宋以后，城镇发展的地域范围扩大，城镇经济职能加强。同时，市镇的全面崛起进一步完善了城镇体系，中国城镇进入了全面整体发展的阶段。城市内部结构发生巨大变化，城镇产业多元化发展，商业城镇大量兴起。虽然这一时期城镇的发展仍未脱离政治因素的影响，但封建经济作为内生力量在城镇发展中推力作用增强，城镇发展的市场化特征凸显，生产要素进一步向城市集中。 4.近代外力檄入及城镇的转型。首先，分析外力檄入造成了社会变革和城镇强行的对外开放的结果，开埠城市的发展造就了城镇的早期现代化发展。其次，分析民族企业家实业自救的工业化进程对城镇发展的积极作用。最后，探讨在内外双重动力下，中国近代城镇的转型。 5.当代城镇化的多元动力。首先，总结了我国当代城镇化曲折坎坷的四段历程。其次，总结分析了政府力、市场力、民间力在推动城镇发展中的作用，并探析了三者之间的互动关系，提出了多元协同的合力机制。 6.我国城镇发展动力演进的历史总结和现实启示。总结分析了不同阶段我国城镇发展的动力因素，概括出城镇发展是诸多动力综合作用。总的来说，政治权力是城镇发展的长期动力，经济发展是城镇发展的根本动力，而制度创新是城镇发展的直接动力。
[Abstract]:The town is the product of the social and economic development to a certain stage, which in turn has become a powerful force for the development of the society. In a considerable period of time, the level of urban development in China has been in the world's leading position. In the history of the Chinese civilization in the five thousand years, the town has become an important carrier to promote the progress of productivity and promote the development of the social economy. Since the end of the year, the development of the town is changing with each passing day, and the urbanization and the modernization have become a great trend of the development of the world in the world. At the same time, with the changing of the social and economic environment and the new problems of the urban development, how to promote the rapid development of the town and the most likely to reduce the many problems in the development of the town, an important aspect is to clear the power mechanism of the development of the town, This task has become a historical responsibility for our time. The central government has repeatedly put forward the step of speeding up the urbanization. However, it is necessary to plan the development of the modern town and coordinate the development of the urban and rural areas, so as to face the present situation and to examine the history of the city, and to make a 鈥淭o be careful, to distinguish it, and to do so.鈥
本文编号：2339412
[Abstract]:The town is the product of the social and economic development to a certain stage, which in turn has become a powerful force for the development of the society. In a considerable period of time, the level of urban development in China has been in the world's leading position. In the history of the Chinese civilization in the five thousand years, the town has become an important carrier to promote the progress of productivity and promote the development of the social economy. Since the end of the year, the development of the town is changing with each passing day, and the urbanization and the modernization have become a great trend of the development of the world in the world. At the same time, with the changing of the social and economic environment and the new problems of the urban development, how to promote the rapid development of the town and the most likely to reduce the many problems in the development of the town, an important aspect is to clear the power mechanism of the development of the town, This task has become a historical responsibility for our time. The central government has repeatedly put forward the step of speeding up the urbanization. However, it is necessary to plan the development of the modern town and coordinate the development of the urban and rural areas, so as to face the present situation and to examine the history of the city, and to make a 鈥淭o be careful, to distinguish it, and to do so.鈥
本文编号：2339412
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