宁夏粮食安全问题及对策研究

发布时间：2019-03-14 09:00

【摘要】：粮食是人类社会赖以生存和发展的重要物质基础,世界范围内由于粮食短缺所导致的饥荒蔓延、社会动荡和地区冲突屡见不鲜,故粮食安全一直是十分重要的理论和现实问题,历来被国际和国内社会所普遍关注。中国由于人多地少的现状制约,人均农业资源占有量与世界平均水平差距较大,进入新时期以来,粮食安全更是成为保障国民经济发展、社会全局稳定和国家安全的重大战略性问题,作为国家粮食安全重要组成部分的区域粮食安全,也随之成为关注的焦点。宁夏位于西北内陆地区,近年来粮食产销基本维持“紧平衡”态势,随着经济社会不断发展,粮食安全面临诸多新挑战：耕地面积有限从而制约粮食持续增产、粮食流通基础设施薄弱、种植及储备结构品种失衡、消费结构变化引发需求变化、质量安全风险日趋增大等等问题。本文通过运用理论与实践、定性与定量相结合的研究方法,从粮食安全相关概念入手,结合我国现阶段粮食安全国家战略,对宁夏粮食生产、流通、储存、消费等关键环节和粮食质量安全方面存在的问题进行系统梳理,有针对性的提出保障宁夏粮食安全的措施和政策建议。全文共分为五个部分。绪论部分叙述了本文研究的背景和思路方法,从政治、经济发展等角度介绍了研究粮食安全问题的重要性和必要性。第二部分阐述了粮食、粮食安全的概念及内涵,简述了我国粮食安全战略与区域粮食安全的关系。第三部分从土地、水资源和农业气候等方面介绍了影响宁夏粮食安全的主要自然因素,对宁夏粮食安全的区域特征进行分析,进一步强调研究其粮食安全问题的必要性。第四部分从宁夏粮食生产种植、市场流通、储备调控、消费结构和质量安全等方面进行系统分析,结合宁夏粮食供求态势和未来发展趋势,分析总结出影响宁夏粮食安全的具体问题。第五部分针对发现的问题,结合宁夏实际提出保障区域粮食安全的具体对策建议,即：提高生产能力、稳定粮食产量,完善基础设施建设、激发粮食流通市场活力,完善粮食储备及预警体系、提高危机防控处理能力,倡导爱粮节粮、引领健康消费,深入布局粮食质量监管工作、防范质量安全风险等。
[Abstract]:Grain is an important material basis for the survival and development of human society. Food security has always been a very important theoretical and practical issue because of the spread of famine, social unrest and regional conflicts caused by food shortages all over the world. It has always been the universal concern of international and domestic society. As a result of the current situation of more people and less land, China has a large gap between the amount of agricultural resources per capita and the average level of the world. Since the beginning of the new period, food security has become an even greater guarantee for the development of the national economy. Regional food security, as an important part of national food security, has also become the focus of attention to the major strategic issues of social stability and national security. Ningxia is located in the inland region of northwest China. In recent years, grain production and marketing have basically maintained a tight balance. With the continuous development of economy and society, food security faces many new challenges: limited arable land, thus restricting the sustained increase of grain production. The infrastructure of grain circulation is weak, the variety of planting and reserve structure is out of balance, the change of consumption structure leads to the change of demand, the risk of quality safety is increasing day by day, and so on. Based on the theory and practice, the combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods, starting from the concept of food security, combined with the current national strategy of food security in China, Ningxia grain production, circulation, storage, The key links such as consumption and the existing problems in grain quality safety are systematically combed, and the measures and policy suggestions to ensure the food security in Ningxia are put forward. The full text is divided into five parts. The introduction describes the background and thinking methods of this paper, and introduces the importance and necessity of studying food security from the point of view of political and economic development. The second part describes the concept and connotation of grain and food security, and briefly describes the relationship between China's grain security strategy and regional food security. The third part introduces the main natural factors affecting the food security in Ningxia from the aspects of land, water resources and agroclimate, analyzes the regional characteristics of the food security in Ningxia, and further emphasizes the necessity of studying the food security problems in Ningxia. The fourth part carries on the systematic analysis from the Ningxia grain production and planting, the market circulation, the reserve regulation, the consumption structure and the quality safety and so on, combines the Ningxia grain supply and demand situation and the future development trend, The specific problems affecting grain security in Ningxia are analyzed and summarized. In the fifth part, according to the problems found in Ningxia, the author puts forward some specific countermeasures and suggestions to ensure regional grain security, that is, to improve the production capacity, stabilize the grain output, perfect the infrastructure construction, and stimulate the vitality of the grain circulation market. We will improve the grain reserve and early warning system, improve the ability of crisis prevention and control, advocate grain conservation, lead healthy consumption, further monitor grain quality and prevent quality and safety risks, and so on.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F326.11

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