古典时期的雅典妇女
发布时间：2019-03-17 14:30
【摘要】：公元前5世纪至前4世纪前期,古典时期的雅典,经过梭伦、伯里克利等的改革,雅典社会的经济、政治与文化空前繁荣,民主政治在雅典等城邦获得极大的发展。雅典民主改革取得了长足发展,具体表现为雅典公民通过公民大会审议国家大事,公民具有民主决定权;公民通过陪审法庭,审判结果公正化;十将军委员会的设立使得公民民主决定达到较高水平,大大防止了个人专权;五百人会议则将公民的权力扩大,使得雅典民主逐步完善。就整个雅典社会来看,雅典民主的建立对于促进民主政治繁荣和社会稳定起到了明显作用,但是,不容忽视的是雅典奴隶和妇女的状况。雅典妇女未取得完全公民权,她们没能享受到雅典民主改革的成果。本文主要梳理了三个方面的问题,第一、雅典妇女的公民权问题;第二、雅典妇女在政治、经济、文化中的地位;第三,雅典妇女宗教生活中扮演的角色。通过对比前人研究成果和笔者的分析,本文认为雅典妇女具有不完全的公民权,她们生理上的本能决定了她们在政治、经济、文化中的地位要屈从于男性。但是,雅典妇女在宗教中的地位较其他社会地位要乐观,种种原因使得她们在某些宗教中拥有较高的地位。
[Abstract]:From the 5th century BC to the early 4th century BC, Athens in the classical period, after the reforms of Solon, Burickley, etc., brought unprecedented prosperity in the economy, politics and culture of the Athenian society, and the development of democracy in Athens and other city-states. The democratic reform in Athens has made great progress, which shows that the citizens of Athens consider the national affairs through the Citizenship Assembly, and citizens have democratic decision-making power, the citizens through the jury court, the results of the trial are fair; The establishment of the Council of Ten generals made the democratic decisions of citizens reach a higher level and prevented individual dictatorship greatly, while the 500-member meeting expanded the powers of citizens and gradually perfected democracy in Athens. From the point of view of the whole Athenian society, the establishment of Athenian democracy has played an obvious role in promoting democratic political prosperity and social stability, but the situation of Athenian slaves and women should not be ignored. Athenian women have not achieved full citizenship, and they have failed to enjoy the fruits of the democratic reforms in Athens. This paper mainly combs three aspects: first, the citizenship of Athenian women; second, the status of Athenian women in politics, economy and culture; third, the role of Athenian women in religious life. By comparing the previous research results and the author's analysis, this paper holds that Athenian women have incomplete citizenship rights, and their physiological instincts determine that their position in politics, economy and culture should be subjugated to men. However, Athenian women's status in religion is more optimistic than other social status, for various reasons they have a higher status in some religions.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：K125
本文编号：2442390
[Abstract]:From the 5th century BC to the early 4th century BC, Athens in the classical period, after the reforms of Solon, Burickley, etc., brought unprecedented prosperity in the economy, politics and culture of the Athenian society, and the development of democracy in Athens and other city-states. The democratic reform in Athens has made great progress, which shows that the citizens of Athens consider the national affairs through the Citizenship Assembly, and citizens have democratic decision-making power, the citizens through the jury court, the results of the trial are fair; The establishment of the Council of Ten generals made the democratic decisions of citizens reach a higher level and prevented individual dictatorship greatly, while the 500-member meeting expanded the powers of citizens and gradually perfected democracy in Athens. From the point of view of the whole Athenian society, the establishment of Athenian democracy has played an obvious role in promoting democratic political prosperity and social stability, but the situation of Athenian slaves and women should not be ignored. Athenian women have not achieved full citizenship, and they have failed to enjoy the fruits of the democratic reforms in Athens. This paper mainly combs three aspects: first, the citizenship of Athenian women; second, the status of Athenian women in politics, economy and culture; third, the role of Athenian women in religious life. By comparing the previous research results and the author's analysis, this paper holds that Athenian women have incomplete citizenship rights, and their physiological instincts determine that their position in politics, economy and culture should be subjugated to men. However, Athenian women's status in religion is more optimistic than other social status, for various reasons they have a higher status in some religions.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：K125
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