我国优秀退役伤残运动员长期照料社会保险制度研究

发布时间：2019-06-15 19:20

【摘要】：随着我国政治经济不断发展，政府和社会日益关注民生问题。“桑兰事件”、“邹春兰事件”、“才力英年早逝”等事件的报道引起社会对伤残退役运动员的广泛关注。优秀运动员所从事的是一种高风险、高投入的事业，竞技体育的特点决定了运动伤残的不可避免性。目前，优秀运动员伤残保险偏重于发生伤残时的赔偿，多为一次性偿付或仅赔偿及时医疗期间的损失，一定程度上忽视了伤残对运动员的长期性影响，而一次性保险额度无法满足长期照料伤残运动员的切实需求。解决好优秀退役伤残运动员的长期健康生活现实保障问题，既关系到优秀退役伤残运动员切身利益的维护，又关系到现役运动员队伍的稳定，对我国竞技体育的可持续发展尤为重要。因此，急需建立针对优秀退役伤残运动员的长期照料问题的社会保险制度。基于此，本文采用文献资料法、专家访谈法、案例分析法、逻辑分析法和比较研究法，，以我国优秀退役伤残运动员长期照料社会保险制度为主要研究对象。探讨我国优秀退役伤残运动员长期照料社会保险制度设立的必要性，分析了我国优秀退役伤残运动员长期照料社会保险制度构建的现实困境，借鉴了国外长期照料社会保险制度的成熟经验，提出了本土化的构想与对策建议。首先本文从长期照料社会保险制度的基本理论入手，分析了我国优秀运动员保险制度的现状以及存在的问题，并以大量事实为例证，指出建立优秀退役伤残运动员长期照料社会保险制度是坚持以人为本、促进我国竞技体育可持续发展的必然要求，是促进体育事业和谐发展推动和谐社会建设的必然要求，更是完善优秀运动员保障体系，切实保障优秀退役伤残运动员根本利益的迫切需求。其次，本文从运动员保险意识薄弱存在认知偏差、相关政策及法规不健全、照料程度等级评定标准尚未建立以及照料服务机构与照料服务人员缺乏等方面分析了我国开展优秀退役伤残运动员长期照料社会保险面临的实际问题。再次，本文介绍了国外长期照料社会保险制度的发展状况，剖析了德国和日长期照料社会保险制度构建实施的背景、具体内容，并对其进行了评价，从中获得启示，为我国优秀退役伤残运动员长期照料社会保险制度的构建提供可借鉴之处。最后，在借鉴发达国家成功经验和已有长期照料服务实践的基础上，提出我国优秀退役伤残运动员长期照料社会保险制度的构想，包括长期照料社会保险基金的筹集、待遇给付和监管方面，并提出建立健全长期照料方面的法律法规及政策，立足国情采取渐进式推进，加大宣传力度做好思想舆论准备，建立与完善长期照料配套服务体系，培育专业化长期照料服务人才队伍的对策建议，以期促进我国优秀退役伤残运动员长期照料社会保险制度的构建。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of politics and economy in our country, the government and society pay more and more attention to the people's livelihood. Reports of "Sang Lan incident", "Zou Chunlan incident" and "early death of talents" have aroused widespread concern about disabled retired athletes. Elite athletes are engaged in a high risk and high investment career, and the characteristics of competitive sports determine the inevitable nature of sports disability. At present, the disability insurance of elite athletes focuses on the compensation when disability occurs, most of them are paid at one time or only compensate for the losses during the timely medical treatment period, to a certain extent, the long-term impact of disability on athletes is ignored, but the amount of one-time insurance can not meet the actual needs of long-term care for disabled athletes. Solving the problem of long-term healthy life of elite retired and disabled athletes is not only related to the maintenance of the vital interests of elite retired and disabled athletes, but also related to the stability of active athletes, which is particularly important for the sustainable development of competitive sports in our country. Therefore, it is urgent to establish a social insurance system for the long-term care of elite retired and disabled athletes. Based on this, this paper adopts the methods of literature, expert interview, case analysis, logical analysis and comparative research to take the long-term care social insurance system of elite retired disabled athletes as the main research object. This paper probes into the necessity of establishing the long-term care social insurance system for the elite retired and disabled athletes in China, analyzes on the realistic predicament of the construction of the long-term care social insurance system for the elite retired and disabled athletes in China, draws lessons from the mature experience of the foreign long-term care social insurance system, and puts forward some ideas and countermeasures for localization. First of all, starting with the basic theory of long-term care social insurance system, this paper analyzes the present situation and existing problems of the insurance system of elite athletes in China, and takes a large number of facts as examples, and points out that the establishment of long-term care social insurance system for elite retired and disabled athletes is the inevitable requirement of insisting on people-oriented and promoting the sustainable development of competitive sports in our country. It is not only the inevitable requirement to promote the harmonious development of sports and the construction of harmonious society, but also the urgent need to perfect the guarantee system of excellent athletes and ensure the fundamental interests of elite retired and disabled athletes. Secondly, this paper analyzes the practical problems faced by the long-term care social insurance of elite retired disabled athletes from the aspects of the weak insurance consciousness of athletes, the imperfect policies and regulations, the lack of care service institutions and care service personnel, and the lack of care service institutions and care service personnel. Thirdly, this paper introduces the development of long-term care social insurance system in foreign countries, analyzes the background and concrete contents of the construction of long-term care social insurance system in Germany and Japan, and evaluates it, so as to provide reference for the construction of long-term care social insurance system for elite retired and disabled athletes in China. Finally, on the basis of drawing lessons from the successful experience of developed countries and the existing practice of long-term care service, this paper puts forward the conception of long-term care social insurance system for elite retired and disabled athletes in China, including the collection, treatment, payment and supervision of long-term care social insurance fund, and puts forward the establishment and improvement of laws and regulations and policies in long-term care. The countermeasures and suggestions of establishing and perfecting the supporting service system of long-term care and cultivating professional long-term care service talents in order to promote the construction of long-term care social insurance system of elite retired and disabled athletes in China.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G812.3

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