《金瓶梅》与明中后期运河商贸研究

发布时间：2019-06-17 07:42

【摘要】：《金瓶梅》是中国古代世情小说的开山之作，它创作于十六世纪末十七世纪初，生动形象地描述了明正德、嘉靖、隆庆、万历等朝的历史与社会风俗，真实地反映了明中后期运河商贸及商品流通的情况。根据这一情况，论文将从《金瓶梅》入手，重点解构明代中后期的运河商贸问题。其一，明中期以后，专制王朝陷入空前的政治危机。与此同时，社会经济迅速发展促进了自然经济的解体，思想文化领域也出现了全新的变化。在这样的社会背景下，《金瓶梅》得以问世，并且以文学化的方式呈现了明代中后期的政治、经济和文化境况。要研究《金瓶梅》所反映的明中后期的运河商贸问题，从宏观上把握《金瓶梅》所产生时代的政治、经济和文化秩序是首要前提。其二，从明中期开始，京杭大运河成为明王朝最重要的水上交通要道。大运河使得不同流域间的商品开始广泛流通，推动了明中期以后商业贸易及商品经济的发展。在此基础上，农产品出现商品化现象，手工业领域形成了专业性的生产区域，并与商业紧密结合起来。运河商业迅速发展，其他运河产业也被带动起来。这些明代运河产业的发展情况在《金瓶梅》中俱有体现，从中可看出《金瓶梅》与京杭大运河和商品经济有一定的联系。其三，明代中后期，在大运河的作用下，，一批运河沿线、腹地城市迅速崛起，大量运河腹地市镇随之涌现。这些城市及市镇占据地理优势，尽得运河物流之便，商业发达，城镇发展水平很高。《金瓶梅》反映了明代中后期临清等运河城市的发展情况，从其描写中可以探究出明中期以后运河城市的真实发展情况。其四，《金瓶梅》塑造了大量的商人形象，他们中有很多成功商人是依靠运河贸易发家的。这些运河商人的经营策略十分先进，具有现代化的管理特点，这正是明代中后期商人的真实写照。通过研究《金瓶梅》，可以还原明代中后期运河商人的经商方式和营销特点，更好地探究《金瓶梅》中的运河商贸问题。
[Abstract]:Jin Ping Mei is the opening work of ancient Chinese novels. It was written at the end of the 16th century and the beginning of the 17th century. It vividly describes the history and social customs of Ming Zhengde, Jiajing, Longqing, Wanli and other dynasties, and truly reflects the trade and commodity circulation of the Canal in the middle and late Ming Dynasty. According to this situation, the paper will start with Jin Ping Mei, focusing on the problem of canal trade in the middle and late Ming Dynasty. First, after the middle Ming Dynasty, the autocratic dynasty fell into an unprecedented political crisis. At the same time, the rapid development of social economy has promoted the disintegration of natural economy, and new changes have taken place in the field of ideology and culture. Under this social background, Jin Ping Mei came out and presented the political, economic and cultural situation in the middle and late Ming Dynasty in a literary way. In order to study the canal trade problems reflected in Jin Ping Mei in the middle and late Ming Dynasty, it is the first prerequisite to grasp the political, economic and cultural order of the era of Jin Ping Mei from a macro point of view. Second, from the middle of Ming Dynasty, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal became the most important water traffic road in the Ming Dynasty. The Grand Canal made the commodities between different basins begin to flow widely, and promoted the development of commercial trade and commodity economy after the middle of Ming Dynasty. On this basis, the phenomenon of commercialization of agricultural products, handicraft industry has formed a professional production area, and closely combined with commerce. Canal commerce is developing rapidly, and other canal industries are also driven. The development of these canal industries in Ming Dynasty is reflected in Jinpingmei, from which we can see that Jinpingmei is related to the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and commodity economy to a certain extent. Third, in the middle and late Ming Dynasty, under the action of the Grand Canal, a number of hinterland cities rose rapidly along the Canal, and a large number of towns in the hinterland of the Canal emerged. These cities and towns occupy geographical advantages, get canal logistics, commercial development, urban development level is very high. "Jin Ping Mei" reflects the development of Linqing and other canal cities in the middle and late Ming Dynasty, from its description, we can explore the real development of canal cities after the middle of Ming Dynasty. Fourth, Jin Ping Mei portrays a large number of businessmen, many of whom rely on canal trade families to get rich. The management strategy of these canal businessmen is very advanced and has the characteristics of modern management, which is the true portrayal of the businessmen in the middle and late Ming Dynasty. By studying Jinpingmei, we can restore the business mode and marketing characteristics of canal merchants in the middle and late Ming Dynasty, and better explore the canal trade in Jinpingmei.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I207.41

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