江西特困地区扶贫财政政策绩效分析

发布时间：2018-04-10 19:36

本文选题：贫困 + 财政扶贫政策　；参考：《南昌大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：贫困是困扰世界各国发展的全球性问题,是发展中国家经济发展面临的最大难题,也是经济波动和社会动荡不安的重要根源。从全球治理贫困经验与实践来看,政府主导的扶贫模式收益是最明显的,而在这种形式的扶贫模式中,以财政政策为杠杆,加大资金投入是政府重要的反贫困举措之一。消除农村贫困,实现城乡协调发展是我国政府的长期发展目标。在过去的数十年里,我国政府一直致力于农村脱贫致富工作,特别是从20世纪70年代开始,我国创造了多种行之有效的扶贫开发模式,区域开发式扶贫、攻坚式扶贫、基本消除贫困扶贫、全面建设小康社会扶贫。围绕不同的扶贫模式,配套不同的财政政策,为扶贫战略的实现发挥着重要的支撑。江西是著名的革命老区,也是农业大省,农村贫困面广、农村贫困程度深,目前仍有38个县没有摆脱“贫困县”的帽子。为尽快消除贫困,江西省作出了巨大的努力,开展了以帮助群众增收为中心的扶贫开发战略,完善扶贫政策体系,不断提高扶贫对象和贫困地区的自我发展能力。党的十七届五中全会提出了加快解决贫困问题。在这一扶贫理念的引领下,江西出台了一系列文件,加大对集中连片特困地区的投入和支持力度,编制了罗霄山集中连片特殊困难地区产业扶贫规划,并决定从2012年起每年3.8亿元专项用于扶持集中连片特困地区摆脱贫困。本文通过对江西以往实施的财政扶贫政策进行回顾,从扶贫战略及理念的提出、扶贫政策的设置、扶贫资金的使用、实施的综合绩效等方面阐述和分析财政扶贫政策实施过程中取得的成就和存在的问题,准确掌握贫困发生规律,针对问题提出了完善财政扶贫政策的建议,提高扶贫工作效率。本文大致可分为五个部分：第一部分：介绍研究的背景、意义、国内外研究现状、本文研究的思路方法、研究范围界定、创新点、难点和不足之处。第二部分：阐述贫困的概念、贫困线的设定、公共财政理论、政府绩效等相关概念,国外政府扶贫的经验教训,并以此作为本文的理论基础。第三部分：回顾江西扶贫模式的演变,分析江西财政扶贫政策的现状和存在的问题,通过对财政扶贫政策的综合绩效以及与农民期望需求进行对比分析,得出江西财政扶贫政策的得与失。第四部分：通过对江西财政扶贫模式及政策的思考,探索如何面对新时期新的贫困问题,提出完善财政扶贫政策的建议。第五部分：结论和展望部分,对本文的研究成果进行回顾,指出本文的不足,提出下一步研究方向。
[Abstract]:Poverty is a global problem plagued the development of all countries in the world, is the biggest problem facing the economic development of developing countries, but also an important source of economic fluctuation and social governance. The turbulent poverty experience and practice from a global perspective, income poverty alleviation mode dominated by the government is the most obvious, and in the form of poverty alleviation mode, with fiscal policy as a lever increase capital investment is an important measure of government anti poverty.
The elimination of rural poverty, realize the coordinated development of urban and rural development is a long-term goal of our government. In the past few years, our government has been committed to rural poverty alleviation work, especially from the beginning of 1970s, China has created a variety of effective model of poverty alleviation and development, regional development and poverty alleviation, tackling poverty alleviation, basically eliminate poverty poverty, poverty alleviation and comprehensive construction of a well-off society. Around the different mode of poverty alleviation, supporting different fiscal policies play an important support for the poverty reduction strategy.
Jiangxi is a famous old revolutionary base areas, but also a major agricultural province, rural poverty, rural poverty is still not deep, there are 38 counties out of poor counties hat. As soon as possible to eliminate poverty, Jiangxi province made great efforts to help the masses to carry out poverty alleviation and development strategy as the center, perfect the poverty alleviation policy system, and constantly improve the self-development ability of poverty and poverty. The party's the fifth Plenary Session of the 17th CPC Central Committee proposed to solve the problem of poverty. Poverty alleviation in this concept under the guidance of Jiangxi issued a series of documents, in poor areas contiguous to increase investment and support of the preparation of luoxiaoshan concentrated special difficult areas industrial poverty alleviation planning, and decided each year from 2012 380 million yuan earmarked for support of the concentrated destitute areas get rid of poverty.
The article reviews the implementation of Jiangxi in the past fiscal poverty alleviation policy, put forward from the concept and strategy for poverty alleviation, poverty alleviation policy settings, poverty alleviation funds, the implementation of the comprehensive performance aspects and analysis of financial poverty alleviation policy implementation process of the achievements and problems, accurately grasp the regularity of poverty problem improve the fiscal poverty alleviation policy recommendations to improve the poverty alleviation work efficiency.
This paper can be roughly divided into five parts:
The first part is to introduce the background, significance, research status at home and abroad, the way of thinking in this paper, the definition of the scope of the research, the point of innovation, difficulties and shortcomings.
The second part: the concept of poverty, the establishment of poverty line, the theory of public finance, government performance and other related concepts, and the lessons learned from foreign governments' poverty alleviation, and take it as the theoretical basis of this article.
The third part: review the evolution of the poverty alleviation model in Jiangxi, analyze the current situation and existing problems of Jiangxi's fiscal poverty alleviation policy. Through the comparative analysis of the comprehensive performance of the financial poverty alleviation policy and the expectation demand of the farmers, we can get the gains and losses of Jiangxi's fiscal poverty alleviation policy.
The fourth part: through the thinking of Jiangxi's financial poverty alleviation mode and policy, it explores how to face the new poverty problem in the new era, and puts forward some suggestions for improving the policy of helping the poor financially.
The fifth part: the conclusion and the prospect part, review the research results of this article, point out the shortage of this article, and put forward the next research direction.

【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F812.0;F126

【参考文献】