湖南开发区开放性经济发展研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 19:02

本文选题：开发区 + 开放性经济　；参考：《湖南师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：2011年全省进出口总额占GDP的6.25%,不到全国平均水平的八分之一。产业外向度不高、国际竞争力不强已成为湖南省制造业发展的软肋所在。而湖南78个开发区是全省吸引外来资金的高地、发展高新技术企业的前沿和所在城市及区域经济发展的重要增长极。因此,研究如何提高开发区的开放性经济发展水平,扩大全省的产业外向度,增强国际竞争力具有重要的现实意义。本文以经济全球化理论、国际生产折衷理论、新经济增长理论、产业转移理论和国际创业理论为支撑,借助SPSS等统计软件,建立开放度模型,结合湖南78个开发区实际情况,通过发展现状、发展水平测度、影响因素等分析,来研究湖南开发区开放性经济的发展情况。研究表明如下： (1)虽然湖南开发区开放性经济发展取得了一定的成就,对外贸易额和利用外资额持续快速增长,对外合作领域和范围也不断拓展,为湖南省对外开放发挥了重要作用。但是,在发展过程中仍存在许多问题,如与发达地区的开发区相比,对外开放水平偏低；省内开发区之间发展不平衡；吸引外资能力不强；参与国际竞争能力较弱；投资环境有待改善等。 (2)湖南开发区开放性经济发展不平衡,空间差异大,分属不同开放阶段。本文选用综合依存度法和聚类分析法这两种方法对全省78开发区的开放性经济发展水平进行测度。根据分析结果和开放性经济发展阶段划分,把我省78个开发区分为五类,五类之间差距明显。第一、二类高于全省开发区平均水平,主要是国家级的开发区,分别处于结构提升的前期阶段、要素优化的后期阶段；第三类开发区主要位于长沙、郴州、岳阳、永州等市区,处于要素优化的前期阶段,发展水平高于全省平均水平但低于一、二类；第四类开发区主要位于衡阳、邵阳、常德、郴州、永州等离市区较偏远地区,发展水平较差,处于规模扩张的后期阶段；第五类开发区处于在湘南、湘西的边远地区或远离市(县城)区的一般城镇,开放性经济发展滞后,处于规模扩张前期阶段。 (3)湖南开发区开放性经济发展主要受以下因素的影响。开发区软硬环境等内部投资环境的完善是吸引外资的主要条件,是影响开发区开放性经济发展首要因素；而经济全球化、金融危机、产业转移与重构等因素从宏观上对开发区开放性经济发展的速度、方向具有重要的引导作用；开发区政策调整、区域发展格局变化等政策与制度因素是影响开发区开放性经济发展趋势与与发展方向的重要因素；而地理区位和功能定位等是开发区不可忽视的客观因素。
[Abstract]:The province's imports and exports accounted for 6. 25% of GDP in 2011, less than 1/8 of the national average. Industrial extroversion is not high, international competitiveness is not strong has become the weakness of Hunan manufacturing development. The 78 development zones in Hunan province are the highlands of attracting foreign capital, the frontier of the development of high-tech enterprises and the important growth poles of economic development in the cities and regions. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study how to improve the development level of open economy, expand the extroversion of industry and enhance the international competitiveness. Supported by the theory of economic globalization, the theory of international production compromise, the theory of new economic growth, the theory of industrial transfer and the theory of international entrepreneurship, with the help of statistical software such as SPSS, this paper establishes an open degree model and combines the actual situation of 78 development zones in Hunan Province. This paper studies the development of open economy in Hunan Development Zone by analyzing the present situation, the level of development and the influencing factors. The study shows the following: 1) although the open economy of Hunan Development Zone has made some achievements, the volume of foreign trade and utilization of foreign capital has continued to grow rapidly, and the field and scope of foreign cooperation have also been continuously expanded, which has played an important role in opening up to the outside world in Hunan Province. However, there are still many problems in the process of development, such as the low level of opening to the outside world compared with the development zones in developed regions, the unbalanced development among the development zones in the province, the weak ability to attract foreign capital, the weak ability to participate in international competition, and the low level of opening up to the outside world. The investment environment needs to be improved. 2) the development of open economy in Hunan Development Zone is unbalanced, the spatial difference is large, and it belongs to different opening stages. In this paper, the comprehensive dependency method and cluster analysis method are used to measure the development level of open economy in 78 development zones of the province. According to the result of analysis and the division of open economic development stage, 78 development zones in our province are divided into five categories, and the gap between them is obvious. First, the second category is higher than the average level of the province's development zones, mainly state-level development zones, which are respectively in the early stage of structural upgrading and the late stage of factor optimization; the third type of development zones are mainly located in Changsha, Chenzhou, Yueyang, Yongzhou and other urban areas. In the early stage of factor optimization, the level of development is higher than the average level of the whole province but lower than that of the first and second class; the fourth type of development zones are mainly located in the remote areas of Hengyang, Shaoyang, Changde, Chenzhou, Yongzhou, etc., and the development level is poor. In the late stage of scale expansion, the fifth kind of development zone is located in the remote areas of southern Hunan, western Hunan or the general towns far away from the city (county town), the open economy development lags behind, and it is in the early stage of scale expansion. The development of open economy in Hunan Development Zone is mainly affected by the following factors. The improvement of the internal investment environment, such as the soft and hard environment of the development zone, is the main condition for attracting foreign capital and the primary factor affecting the development of the open economy of the development zone; and the economic globalization, the financial crisis, The factors such as industrial transfer and reconstruction play an important guiding role in the speed and direction of the development of open economy in the development zone. The policy and system factors, such as the change of regional development pattern, are the important factors that influence the development trend and development direction of the open economy of the development zone, while the geographical location and the function orientation are the objective factors which can not be ignored in the development zone.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F127

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