我国银行信贷市场金融约束的消费抑制研究

发布时间：2018-05-18 19:37

本文选题：金融约束 + 居民消费　；参考：《江西财经大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：消费是促进经济发展的最重要的因素，是推动经济和社会发展的主要动力。但在过去的三十年中，中国的最终消费率从1978年62.1%下降到2011年的49.1%，居民消费率也从48.8%降至35.4%，已经达到了历史最低水平。因此，如何扩大居民消费成为扩大内需的重中之重，这对推动我国经济发展方式转变具有重要意义。本文着重于从我国金融制度的角度来探讨我国银行信贷市场金融约束政策与居民消费需求增长之间的矛盾。首先介绍了金融约束理论和金融约束抑制消费的作用机制，同时回顾和总结了金融约束指数构建的方法和国内外学者的相关研究成果，为实证检验奠定了理论基础。并对我国银行信贷市场的金融约束政策：存贷款利率控制、金融业准入限制、限制资产替代等进行了详尽的分析。其次，本文通过对各指标建立隶属函数，并运用主成分分析法，构建了我国银行信贷市场的金融约束指数；并建立了关于我国居民消费率的误差修正模型，，考察了银行信贷市场的金融约束对我国居民消费率的影响。最后,针对我国银行信贷市场的三项金融约束政策，提出了相应的对策与建议,因此，一是进一步推动利率市场化，借鉴国际经验，本文提出了推进商业银行改革、培育完善的金融市场及体系、建立健全金融监管体制、坚持渐进性原则、加强政策协调等五个措施；二是金融业准入自由化，主要是银行业的对内开放，针对准入自由化带来的相关风险，本文认为政府要加强相关的制度建设，包括构建存款保险制度、加速利率市场化进程、实施严密的金融监管制度、建立市场化的进入与退出机制。三是促进居民金融资产投资多元化，并提出要规范金融市场、积极稳妥地开展个人消费信贷业务、进一步规范和发展保险市场、完善社会保障制度以增强居民心理预期和加大金融产品创新五项解决措施。
[Abstract]:Consumption is the most important factor to promote economic development and the main motive force to promote economic and social development. But in the past three decades, China's final consumption rate has fallen from 62.1 percent in 1978 to 49.1 percent in 2011, and the resident consumption rate has fallen from 48.8 percent to 35.4 percent, the lowest on record. Therefore, how to expand resident consumption becomes the most important part of expanding domestic demand, which is of great significance to promote the transformation of our country's economic development mode. This paper focuses on the contradiction between the financial restraint policy of China's bank credit market and the growth of consumer demand from the perspective of China's financial system. Firstly, this paper introduces the theory of financial constraint and the mechanism of financial restraint in restraining consumption. At the same time, it reviews and summarizes the methods of constructing financial constraint index and the related research results of domestic and foreign scholars, which lays a theoretical foundation for empirical testing. This paper also makes a detailed analysis of the financial restraint policies of the bank credit market in China, such as the control of deposit and loan interest rate, the restriction of access to the financial industry, and the restriction on the replacement of assets. Secondly, by establishing the subordinate function of each index and using the principal component analysis method, this paper constructs the financial constraint index of the bank credit market of our country, and establishes the error correction model about the resident consumption rate of our country. This paper investigates the influence of financial constraints on the consumption rate of Chinese residents in the bank credit market. Finally, in view of the three financial restraint policies of the bank credit market of our country, this paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions. Therefore, the first is to further promote the marketization of interest rate, draw lessons from international experience, this paper proposes to promote the reform of commercial bank. To foster a sound financial market and system, to establish and improve the financial regulatory system, to adhere to the principle of gradual progress, and to strengthen policy coordination; second, to liberalize the entry of the financial sector, mainly to the domestic opening of the banking sector. In view of the related risks brought about by the liberalization of entry, this paper holds that the government should strengthen the construction of relevant institutions, including the construction of deposit insurance system, the acceleration of the process of interest rate marketization, and the implementation of a strict financial supervision system. Establish a market-oriented entry and exit mechanism. Third, to promote the diversification of financial assets investment among residents, and propose to standardize the financial market, actively and steadily carry out personal consumer credit business, and further standardize and develop the insurance market. Improve the social security system to enhance the psychological expectations of residents and increase financial product innovation five measures.
【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.4;F126.1

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