古浪县生态经济区划研究

发布时间：2018-10-24 20:04

【摘要】：随着经济活动的加剧和人口数量的膨胀，资源开发、经济增长与环境保护的矛盾日益尖锐。在这种情形下，传统的生态或经济区划方案显现出诸多不足，已不能为区域开发、国土整治和环境保护提供可靠、准确的科学依据。生态经济区划以经济效益、生态效益和社会效益相统一为目标，根据自然环境特征和经济结构与功能，将区域划分为不同的生态经济单元，从而为资源合理利用、生态环境保护和国土综合整治提供科学依据，促进环境、经济、社会的协调发展。古浪县地处青藏高原区和西北干旱区过渡地带。自然环境复杂，生态系统类型多样，地域分异现象明显；气候干旱，水资源匮乏，生态环境脆弱。长期以来粗放的农业生产方式和对水土资源的不合理开发，造成古浪县人地关系紧张、生态保护与经济发展的矛盾突出。由于古浪县内部自然环境特征差异明显，分带性强，因此，，遵循地域分异规律及复合生态系统理论，对古浪县进行生态经济分区、各区采取有针对性的资源开发与生态保护对策，对于促进古浪县生态经济可持续发展是十分必要的。本研究结合西北内陆河流域特点，选取自然生态、土地资源、经济发展和社会进步4个方面的24项指标建立指标体系，采用因子分析法和聚类分析法，对古浪县进行生态经济区划研究。主要研究步骤如下： ⑴选取区划指标，并利用SPSS软件对指标进行因子分析，以提取主因子。根据方差解释贡献率以及因子载荷值，提取反映古浪县生态、经济、社会的农村居民生活水平、生态环境敏感性、农业耗水压力、林牧业及第三产业发展、生态压力、劳动力素质等6个主因子。 ⑵聚类分析及分区。计算古浪县各乡镇的主因子得分，以此作为聚类分析的数据，利用MATLAB软件，对古浪县20个分区单元进行聚类。采用系统聚类和模糊聚类两种方法进行计算，对比两种方法的聚类结果，最终将古浪县划分为7个生态经济区。 ⑶对各区的分析。根据分区结果及各乡镇的主因子得分，计算各生态经济区的主因子平均得分，以此为基础，结合数据资料，对7个生态经济区的发展现状进行分析，并提出建议。结论表明，7个生态经济区在发展中各自存在不同的限制因子，因此需要采取有针对性的、分区治理的对策，以促进古浪县整体生态经济的协调发展。
[Abstract]:With the aggravation of economic activities and the expansion of population, the contradiction between economic growth and environmental protection is increasingly sharp. In this case, the traditional ecological or economic regionalization schemes show many shortcomings, which can not provide reliable and accurate scientific basis for regional development, territorial improvement and environmental protection. The eco-economic regionalization aims at the unity of economic benefit, ecological benefit and social benefit. According to the characteristics of natural environment and economic structure and function, the region is divided into different eco-economic units, so as to make rational use of resources. Ecological environment protection and land comprehensive renovation provide scientific basis to promote the coordinated development of environment, economy and society. Gulang County is located in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Northwest Arid Zone transition zone. The natural environment is complex, the ecosystem type is diverse, the regional differentiation phenomenon is obvious, the climate is dry, the water resources are scarce, the ecological environment is fragile. For a long time, extensive agricultural production and unreasonable exploitation of water and soil resources have caused tension between people and land in Gulang County, and the contradiction between ecological protection and economic development is prominent. Because of the obvious difference of natural environment and the strong zonation in Gulang County, the ecological and economic zoning of Gulang County is carried out in accordance with the law of regional differentiation and the theory of complex ecosystem. It is necessary for the sustainable development of ecological economy in Gulang County to adopt the countermeasures of resource development and ecological protection. Based on the characteristics of the inland river basin in Northwest China, this study selected 24 indicators of natural ecology, land resources, economic development and social progress to establish an index system, and adopted factor analysis and cluster analysis. The ecological and economic regionalization of Gulang County was studied. The main research steps are as follows: 1 the main factors are extracted by using SPSS software to extract the main factors. According to variance interpretation contribution rate and factor load value, the ecological, economic and social living standards of rural residents, ecological environmental sensitivity, agricultural water consumption pressure, forestry and animal husbandry and the development of tertiary industry, ecological pressure were extracted. 6 main factors such as labor quality. 2. Cluster analysis and division. The main factor sub-scores of each township in Gulang County were calculated and used as the data of cluster analysis. The 20 sub-units of Gulang county were clustered by using MATLAB software. Two methods of systematic clustering and fuzzy clustering are used to calculate and compare the clustering results of the two methods. Finally, Gulang County is divided into 7 ecological economic zones. 3. According to the result of division and the score of principal factor of each town and township, the average score of principal factor of each ecological economic zone is calculated. Based on this, combined with the data and data, the present situation of development of seven ecological economic zones is analyzed, and some suggestions are put forward. The conclusion shows that there are different limiting factors in the development of the seven ecological economic zones, so it is necessary to adopt the countermeasures of targeted and regionalized governance in order to promote the coordinated development of the whole ecological economy in Gulang County.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F127

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