进出口贸易对我国居民收入差距的影响研究

发布时间：2018-11-13 13:34

【摘要】：当前收入分配是我国一个重点民生问题，对收入分配不公平的影响因素，前人进行了许多探索。改革开放以来，随着进出口贸易的发展，我国的经济有了飞速的增长，同时以城乡收入为代表的居民收入差距也在进一步扩大。进出口贸易与居民收入差距扩大两者在时间上的一致性，让我们开始重新审视它们之间的关系。正是基于这样的背景，本文展开了关于进出口贸易对中国居民收入差距的影响系统的研究，结合中国的实际情况，对进出口贸易影响我国居民收入差距的影响程度、影响机理以及存在的问题做出判断，从而为相关政策的制定和执行提供理论参考和决策依据。本文通过对进出口贸易与居民收入差距的理论与文献进行回顾，总结出进出口贸易影响我国居民收入差距主要是通过商品价格机制、技术进步机制、就业工资机制、经济增长机制和政府政策形成机制产生作用。本文通过建立计量模型，对我国1981-2010年进出口贸易及居民收入差距数据的时间序列进行回归协整检验分析，发现从贸易总额、出口贸易和进口贸易来看，进出口贸易均扩大了我国居民收入差距，，符合“倒U曲线”左侧情形。结合我国现实背景，本文从地区间居民收入、工资收入和政策影响三个角度发现：进出口贸易具有产业集聚效应，进而促进我国地区居民收入差距的扩大；而技术进步机制促使了工资收入差距的扩大；以税收为例，我国外贸政策及其变动扩大了居民收入差距。最后，本文从区域贸易发展、再分配和国民教育等方面提出了政策建议。
[Abstract]:At present, income distribution is a key issue of people's livelihood in China. Since the reform and opening up, with the development of import and export trade, China's economy has a rapid growth, at the same time, the income gap between urban and rural residents is also expanding. The time consistency between import and export trade and the widening of income gap between residents makes us begin to re-examine the relationship between them. Based on this background, this paper studies the impact of import and export trade on the income gap of Chinese residents, combining with the actual situation of China, the impact of import and export trade on the income gap of Chinese residents. The influence mechanism and the existing problems are judged to provide theoretical reference and decision basis for the formulation and implementation of relevant policies. By reviewing the theory and literature of the income gap between import and export trade and residents' income, this paper concludes that the influence of import and export trade on the income gap of Chinese residents is mainly through the mechanism of commodity price, the mechanism of technological progress and the mechanism of employment wage. The economic growth mechanism and the government policy formation mechanism produces the function. Through the establishment of econometric model, this paper analyzes the time series of China's import and export trade and income gap data from 1981 to 2010 by using regression cointegration test, and finds out that from the perspective of total trade, export trade and import trade, Both import and export trade have widened the income gap of residents in China, in line with the "inverted U curve" on the left. Combined with the reality of our country, this paper finds out from three angles of income, wage income and policy influence: import and export trade has the effect of industrial agglomeration, and then promotes the expansion of income gap in our country; Taking tax as an example, China's foreign trade policy and its changes have widened the income gap of residents. Finally, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions on the development of regional trade, redistribution and national education.
【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F124.7;F752.6

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