基于马克思主义视角的私有制发展史研究

发布时间：2018-11-17 21:34

【摘要】：中国共产党第十五次全国代表大会指出：我国社会主义初级阶段的基本经济制度是以公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展；我国正处在并将长期处在社会主义初级阶段，公有制经济具有主体地位，多种所有制经济应当同时发展；一切所有制形式只要符合“三个有利于”标准就可以而且应该用来为社会主义服务。所有制问题是社会经济的本质问题，一个国家的所有制属性如何，所有制形式有何表现，直接关系到整个国家的经济运行效率和生产力长远发展，因此，研究社会经济所有制的发展沿革，无论是对于经济史理论的全面认识和把握，还是对于国家经济建设的现实指导，都是具有重要意义的。我国现在实行的是社会主义市场经济体制，私有制经济经过三十多年的发展，，如今已成为国民经济的重要组成部分，为社会主义建设做出了巨大的贡献，有效地促进了生产力的提高。在这一背景下，研究私有制从产生到发展再到未来走向的一系列问题，就显得尤为重要了。本文的研究主题是：自从人类社会形成以来，各个历史时期的私有制经济经历了怎样的发展和演变，中国当代的私有制经济有何表现，未来的发展方向又是什么。围绕这一主题，文中重温了马克思主义的社会主义所有制理论，为我国当前的所有制建设和发展提供了理论支撑；考察了原始公有制的存在和发展，私有制产生、发展、消亡的过程及条件，体现出马克思主义关于社会发展历史规律的科学性，也为私有制经济在我国当前阶段的发展提供了历史依据；分析并学习了邓小平建设有中国特色的社会主义经济理论中的社会主义所有制理论，为改革开放以来我国公有制经济和私有制经济并存且共同发展找到了最直接的理论依据和政策支持；此外，文章还讨论了我国当前私有制经济的性质，分析了马克思关于重建个人所有制的相关论述，并且得出结论：私有制最终会走向自我消亡，取而代之的将会是个人所有制。文章分为六章，第一章是导言，正文是第二到第六章。导言部分论述研究主题、研究意义、研究方法与内容结构。第二章是文献综述，概述马克思恩格斯关于私有制和公有制的相关论述。第三章是对原始公有制以及前资本主义私有制的历史考察。第四章是从现代西方国家和中国两个角度对资本主义私有制从产生到发展的历史考察。第五章是论述改革开放以来中国的所有制理论改革和结构建设以及中国当前私有制经济的性质。第六章是对马克思关于重建个人所有制的重点分析和讨论，并提出私有制最终会走向消亡，取而代之的将会是个人所有制。
[Abstract]:The 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out: the basic economic system in the primary stage of socialism in China is the public ownership as the main body, and the common development of various forms of ownership; Our country is in and will be in the primary stage of socialism for a long time, the public ownership economy has the main position, the diversified ownership economy should develop at the same time; All forms of ownership can and should be used to serve socialism as long as they meet the "three benefits" criterion. Ownership is the essential problem of social economy. What is the ownership attribute of a country and what form of ownership has it? it is directly related to the economic efficiency and the long-term development of productive forces of the whole country. It is of great significance to study the development and evolution of social and economic ownership, not only to understand and grasp the theory of economic history, but also to guide the national economic construction. After more than 30 years of development, the private ownership economy has become an important part of the national economy and has made great contributions to the socialist construction. It has effectively promoted the improvement of productive forces. Under this background, it is particularly important to study a series of problems from the emergence to the development and then to the future of private ownership. The research theme of this paper is: since the formation of human society, each historical period of private ownership economy has undergone how to develop and evolve, China's contemporary private ownership economy performance, what is the future direction of development. Around this theme, the paper reviews the Marxist theory of socialist ownership, and provides theoretical support for the current construction and development of ownership in China. The existence and development of the primitive public ownership, the process and conditions of the emergence, development and extinction of private ownership are investigated, which reflects the scientific nature of Marxism's historical law of social development. It also provides the historical basis for the development of the private ownership economy in the current stage of our country. Having analyzed and studied the theory of socialist ownership in Deng Xiaoping's theory of building a socialist economy with Chinese characteristics, It has found the most direct theoretical basis and policy support for the coexistence and common development of the public ownership economy and the private ownership economy since the reform and opening up. In addition, the paper also discusses the nature of China's current private ownership economy, analyzes Marx's related exposition on the reconstruction of individual ownership, and concludes that private ownership will eventually go to self-extinction and will be replaced by individual ownership. The article is divided into six chapters, the first chapter is the introduction, the text is the second to the sixth chapter. The introduction part discusses the research theme, research significance, research methods and content structure. The second chapter is a literature review, summarizing Marx and Engels on private ownership and public ownership. The third chapter is the historical investigation of primitive public ownership and pre-capitalist private ownership. The fourth chapter is the historical investigation of capitalist private ownership from the point of view of modern western countries and China. The fifth chapter discusses the reform of ownership theory and the construction of structure in China since the reform and opening up, as well as the nature of China's current private ownership economy. The sixth chapter focuses on Marx's analysis and discussion on the reconstruction of individual ownership, and points out that private ownership will eventually die out and be replaced by individual ownership.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F121.2

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