建国初期工业化战略视阈下私营经济政策演变研究
发布时间：2018-11-18 12:18
【摘要】：私营经济作为中国国民经济的重要组成部分,它的发展关系着社会的稳定、国家的进步。然而,由于历史原因以及外部文化的侵袭,使得有些认识仍旧摆脱不了苏联意识形态的羁绊与西方新自由主义思想的缠绕,这种杂糅的思维困境难免对私营经济定位以及公私安全边界的划分产生脱离实际的影响,结果就是在一些时期中国私营经济的发展要么停步不前要么剧烈震荡,难以使一些关乎私营经济健康发展的政策落到实处。 从历史来看,这些问题的出现,最主要是对私营经济政策的历史发展脉络理解不够清晰,进一步说也就是忽略了私营经济原本发展的一个重大历史背景,那就是中华人民共和国为实现国家工业化制定的不同工业化战略。根据各国经验,工业化是推动各国经济社会不断进步的必经阶段,私营经济在各国的工业化过程中都发挥着不可替代的作用。工业化作为一种对传统生产方式的突破,它的战略实施过程会逐步改变与传统生产方式相配套的经济体制,而经济体制的改变又会使私营经济政策得到调整。因此,在工业化战略背景下分析私营经济政策的演变,可以清楚认识工业化战略与私营经济政策的联动关系,在这个基础上深刻的把握私营经济发展的原本历史脉络,从而有助于纠正私营经济定位不准以及公私安全边界模糊的问题,同时也能够客观把握私营经济在国家发展中应有的地位和历史作用,使私营经济随着改革开放的不断深入,真正释放它该有的活力。 循着历史的轨迹,本文通过考察1949-1956年工业化战略实施中私营经济政策的演变,了解这段时期工业化战略与私营经济政策的联动关系,在明晰私营经济原本发展历史轨迹同时也更加深刻的认识到私营经济准确定位以及公私安全边界的重要性,最后通过总结经验教训提出如何在当下的改革中不断的创新与完善私营经济政策的建议。 本文分为五个部分： 第一部分为导论,主要介绍本文的研究价值、研究现状、文章思路、研究方法、创新与不足； 第二部分主要阐述了国民经济恢复时期工业化战略下私营经济政策的演变 在这一时期,面对国民经济遭受严重破坏的重大挑战,党中央在《共同纲领》框架内,确定了以恢复国民经济为顺利过渡到社会主义奠定物质基础为目的,以工业为主导,农业为基础,农轻重相互促进为手段,通过市场与计划双重调节以推动工业化发展为途径,成为了国民经济恢复时期工业化战略的主要内容。在工业化战略实施背景之下,私营经济的政策演变主要有以下几点：1、调整公私关系为主要内容；2、调整产销关系；3、调整公私关系的同时也在积极调整劳资关系,要做到劳资两利。通过政府在“利用、限制”这个政策框架的调整下,各种经济成分都得到了发展,到1952年底中国的经济得到了恢复。与此同时农轻重比例发展比较协调,国营经济的比重逐步扩大,私营经济整体得到积极发展的同时比例逐步减低。 第三部分主要阐述了过渡时期工业化战略下私营经济政策演变 由于冷战格局的形成与西方国家的封锁,需要苏联的援助以及各种现实的选择,落后薄弱的工业基础与建设社会主义物质基础的矛盾以及对世界工业化道路的认识与比较,在过渡时期形成了优先发展重工业工业化战略。优先发展重工业战略主要以重工业建设为中心建设社会主义经济基础为目的,以单一公有制和计划经济为实现为途径,优先配置重工业、农轻重的非协调发展为手段,成为了过渡时期工业化战略的主要内容。在工业化战略实施背景之下,私营经济的政策演变主要有以下几点：1、由部分公私合营到国营经济领导下的全行业合并改组；2、由“四马分肥”到定息政策。在这种战略下私营经济政策调整导致的后果：1、使我国工业体系具备了雏形；2、国家迅速完成了所有制的改造,私营经济退出了历史舞台。 第四部分对工业化战略下私营经济政策演变的评析 由1949-1956年工业化战略下私营经济政策的一系列演变,逐步显现了工业化战略与私营经济政策是以经济体制的调整及变化而联动发展的。通过比较两时期对私营经济定位及公私边界的划分,可以发现,私营经济定位由具有积极作用的经济力量变为必须改造的经济力量,公私边界的划分也由前一时期的界限比较清晰到后一时期的边界迅速消失。再看工业化战略下私营经济政策的历史演进,其遵循了马克思恩格斯生产力与生产关系的矛盾运动规律,推动国民经济不断发展同时奠定了我国工业化基础。但也出现了在工业化战略实施过程中私营经济的定位模糊,政策实际操作的偏差过大这些教训。 第五部分主要是对当下的一些启示： 结合历史及当代国情对私营经济发展有如下启示：1、运用“顶层设计”为私营经济创造公平的竞争环境；2、私营经济在发展中应以准确定位来促进自身健康可持续发展；3、在国家新型工业化战略的视野下需再次厘清政府与市场的安全边界。
[Abstract]:The private economy is an important part of China's national economy, and its development is related to the stability of society and the progress of the country. However, because of the historical reasons and the invasion of the external culture, some of the cognition still can't get rid of the Soviet ideology and the winding of the western neoliberal thought. The difficult situation of this kind of omnibus is inevitable to the private economic positioning and the division of the public and private security boundary from the actual effect, and the result is that in some period the development of the private economy of the private economy is either stopped or shaken vigorously, It is difficult to place a number of policies on the healthy development of the private economy. From the historical point of view, the emergence of these problems is mainly the understanding of the historical development of the private economic policy, which is a major history of the development of the private economy. background, that is the different industrialization of the People's Republic of China for the realization of the national industrialization According to the experience of each country, industrialization is a necessary stage to promote the economic and social progress of all countries, and the private economy plays an irreplaceable role in the industrialization of all countries As a breakthrough in the traditional mode of production, industrialization can change the economic system which is matched with the traditional mode of production, and the change of the economic system will result in the private economic policy. Therefore, in the background of the industrialization strategy, the evolution of the private economic policy can be analyzed, and the linkage relation between the industrialization strategy and the private economic policy can be clearly recognized, and the original history of the development of the private economy can be grasped deeply on this basis. Therefore, it is helpful to correct the position of the private economy and the fuzzy problem of public-private security. At the same time, it can objectively grasp the status and historical role of the private economy in the development of the country, and make the private economy truly release it with the deepening of the reform and opening-up. On the track of history, this paper, through the study of the evolution of the private economic policy in the implementation of the industrialization strategy of 1949-1956, is to know the industrialization strategy and the private economic policy in the period The linkage relation between private and private economy and the importance of public-private security boundary are also more deeply recognized in the course of the original development of the private economy, and finally, how to innovate and improve the private economy in the current reform is put forward by summarizing the lessons and lessons The policy recommendations. This paper is divided into five parts: The first part is the introduction, mainly introduces the research value, the research situation and the article of thought of this paper. The second part mainly expounds the period of national economy recovery The evolution of the private economic policy under the industrialization strategy is in this period, facing the heavy damage of the national economy The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), within the framework of the Joint Programme and the Central Committee, has established the material basis for the smooth transition of the national economy to socialism, with the aim of building the material base for the smooth transition of the national economy to socialism. The dual regulation of the plan to promote the industrialization development as a means of becoming a country the main content of the industrialization strategy in the period of economic recovery of the people. In the context of the implementation of the industrialization strategy, the policy evolution of the private economy mainly has the following points: 1. Adjust the public-private relationship as the main content; 2. Adjust the relation of production and marketing; 3. Adjust the public-private relationship and the public-private relations. in that light of the positive adjustment of the labour relations, labour and labour are to be achieved. through the use of the government and the adjustment of the policy framework, the various economic components have been developed, By the end of 1952, China's economy has been restored. At the same time, the proportion of the peasants and the peasants is relatively harmonious, the proportion of the state-owned economy is gradually expanded, and the private economy The proportion of the whole to the positive development is gradually reduced. The third part mainly The development of the private economic policy under the transitional industrialization strategy is explained by the formation of the cold war pattern and the west. The blockade of the Party's state requires the assistance of the Soviet Union and the choice of various realities, the weak industrial base and the contradiction between the construction of the socialist material base and the realization of the world's industrialization road. in that transition period, the development of the industrial strategy of the development of the heavy industry has been formed. the development of the heavy industry strategy is mainly aimed at the construction of the heavy industry as the central construction of the socialist economic base, and the single public ownership and the planned economy are realized as the purpose Ways to prioritize the non-coordination of heavy industry and agriculture in the context of the implementation of the industrialization strategy, the policy evolution of the private economy mainly has the following points: 1. The whole-industry merger and reorganization under the leadership of the public-private joint venture to the state-owned economy; 2. "e fertilitzer" to fixed-rate policy. The result of the adjustment of the private economic policy in this strategy: 1. The industrial system of our country has the rudiment. After the reform of the ownership is completed, the private economy has withdrawn from the historical dance The fourth part of the analysis of the evolution of the private economic policy under the industrialization strategy is a series of evolution of the private economic policy under the industrialization strategy of 1949-1956, gradually showing the work The business strategy and the private economic policy are developed by the adjustment and the change of the economic system. By comparing the two periods to the private economic positioning and the division of the public and private boundary, it can be found that, The private economic position is changed from the economic force with the positive effect to the economic power that must be transformed, and the public and private sides The division of the boundary is also clear from the boundary between the former period and the boundary of the latter period, and the historical evolution of the private economic policy under the industrialization strategy is followed by the productivity and production relations of Marx and Engels. The law of the contradiction movement and the development of the national economy have laid the foundation for the industrialization of our country. But it has also appeared in the industrial strategy The Fuzzy and Policy of the Private Economy in the Process of Application The fifth part is the following enlightenment to the development of the private economy: 1. Using the "trunk>" top-level design " creates a fair competition environment for the private economy; in the development of the private economy, the private economy should be accurately positioned to promote its own health
【学位授予单位】：西南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F129;K27
本文编号：2340023
[Abstract]:The private economy is an important part of China's national economy, and its development is related to the stability of society and the progress of the country. However, because of the historical reasons and the invasion of the external culture, some of the cognition still can't get rid of the Soviet ideology and the winding of the western neoliberal thought. The difficult situation of this kind of omnibus is inevitable to the private economic positioning and the division of the public and private security boundary from the actual effect, and the result is that in some period the development of the private economy of the private economy is either stopped or shaken vigorously, It is difficult to place a number of policies on the healthy development of the private economy. From the historical point of view, the emergence of these problems is mainly the understanding of the historical development of the private economic policy, which is a major history of the development of the private economy. background, that is the different industrialization of the People's Republic of China for the realization of the national industrialization According to the experience of each country, industrialization is a necessary stage to promote the economic and social progress of all countries, and the private economy plays an irreplaceable role in the industrialization of all countries As a breakthrough in the traditional mode of production, industrialization can change the economic system which is matched with the traditional mode of production, and the change of the economic system will result in the private economic policy. Therefore, in the background of the industrialization strategy, the evolution of the private economic policy can be analyzed, and the linkage relation between the industrialization strategy and the private economic policy can be clearly recognized, and the original history of the development of the private economy can be grasped deeply on this basis. Therefore, it is helpful to correct the position of the private economy and the fuzzy problem of public-private security. At the same time, it can objectively grasp the status and historical role of the private economy in the development of the country, and make the private economy truly release it with the deepening of the reform and opening-up. On the track of history, this paper, through the study of the evolution of the private economic policy in the implementation of the industrialization strategy of 1949-1956, is to know the industrialization strategy and the private economic policy in the period The linkage relation between private and private economy and the importance of public-private security boundary are also more deeply recognized in the course of the original development of the private economy, and finally, how to innovate and improve the private economy in the current reform is put forward by summarizing the lessons and lessons The policy recommendations. This paper is divided into five parts: The first part is the introduction, mainly introduces the research value, the research situation and the article of thought of this paper. The second part mainly expounds the period of national economy recovery The evolution of the private economic policy under the industrialization strategy is in this period, facing the heavy damage of the national economy The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), within the framework of the Joint Programme and the Central Committee, has established the material basis for the smooth transition of the national economy to socialism, with the aim of building the material base for the smooth transition of the national economy to socialism. The dual regulation of the plan to promote the industrialization development as a means of becoming a country the main content of the industrialization strategy in the period of economic recovery of the people. In the context of the implementation of the industrialization strategy, the policy evolution of the private economy mainly has the following points: 1. Adjust the public-private relationship as the main content; 2. Adjust the relation of production and marketing; 3. Adjust the public-private relationship and the public-private relations. in that light of the positive adjustment of the labour relations, labour and labour are to be achieved. through the use of the government and the adjustment of the policy framework, the various economic components have been developed, By the end of 1952, China's economy has been restored. At the same time, the proportion of the peasants and the peasants is relatively harmonious, the proportion of the state-owned economy is gradually expanded, and the private economy The proportion of the whole to the positive development is gradually reduced. The third part mainly The development of the private economic policy under the transitional industrialization strategy is explained by the formation of the cold war pattern and the west. The blockade of the Party's state requires the assistance of the Soviet Union and the choice of various realities, the weak industrial base and the contradiction between the construction of the socialist material base and the realization of the world's industrialization road. in that transition period, the development of the industrial strategy of the development of the heavy industry has been formed. the development of the heavy industry strategy is mainly aimed at the construction of the heavy industry as the central construction of the socialist economic base, and the single public ownership and the planned economy are realized as the purpose Ways to prioritize the non-coordination of heavy industry and agriculture in the context of the implementation of the industrialization strategy, the policy evolution of the private economy mainly has the following points: 1. The whole-industry merger and reorganization under the leadership of the public-private joint venture to the state-owned economy; 2. "e fertilitzer" to fixed-rate policy. The result of the adjustment of the private economic policy in this strategy: 1. The industrial system of our country has the rudiment. After the reform of the ownership is completed, the private economy has withdrawn from the historical dance The fourth part of the analysis of the evolution of the private economic policy under the industrialization strategy is a series of evolution of the private economic policy under the industrialization strategy of 1949-1956, gradually showing the work The business strategy and the private economic policy are developed by the adjustment and the change of the economic system. By comparing the two periods to the private economic positioning and the division of the public and private boundary, it can be found that, The private economic position is changed from the economic force with the positive effect to the economic power that must be transformed, and the public and private sides The division of the boundary is also clear from the boundary between the former period and the boundary of the latter period, and the historical evolution of the private economic policy under the industrialization strategy is followed by the productivity and production relations of Marx and Engels. The law of the contradiction movement and the development of the national economy have laid the foundation for the industrialization of our country. But it has also appeared in the industrial strategy The Fuzzy and Policy of the Private Economy in the Process of Application The fifth part is the following enlightenment to the development of the private economy: 1. Using the "trunk>" top-level design " creates a fair competition environment for the private economy; in the development of the private economy, the private economy should be accurately positioned to promote its own health
【学位授予单位】：西南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F129;K27
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