基于评价理论的环境风险感知研究

发布时间：2019-01-11 12:50

【摘要】：随着我国改革开放成果日益显著，经济实力呈较快增长趋势，但是同时暴露出来的环境风险问题也明显增多这种环境风险背后所折射出的社会问题不仅有损公众自身的利益，也给政府的环境风险管理带来困难因此，对于公众环境风险感知的研究也日益增多；然而传统的环境风险感知研究割裂了个体认知与情感的关系，仅从单一视角去分析环境风险感知的心理机理，而且建立的量化模型仅仅是关乎环境风险结果与概率的分析，缺少个体主观因素的综合考量，因而不能全面反映公众环境风险感知过程本研究即是在这样的背景下以个体的环境风险感知为研究对象，将环境风险感知研究拆分成环境风险认知评价与环境风险行为决策这两个部分，分别定性定量的考察个体环境风险感知的内在机制环境风险认知评价研究主要是从认知与情感双视角出发，引入心理学中评价理论，在传统评价理论的基础上加入情绪状态变量，建立新的认知评价模型，揭示个体认知评价透过影响即时情绪进而决定个体行为倾向的内在机理在前景理论的基础上选择建立新的环境风险感知量化模型，定量化的描述个体环境风险行为决策，通过非线性最小二乘拟合出模型的参数，观察不同环境风险态度下模型参数的变化，，根据模型拟合结果考察新模型的适用性，并将设计的经济损失与道德伦理两种情境下的结果进行比较，通过结合环境风险认知评价部分结论，综合分析认知评价与情绪体验对于个体环境风险感知的影响，弥补量化模型缺失的对于个体主观因素的考量，更加全面地描绘出个体环境风险感知的内在过程本研究从个体的认知与情感视角出发，通过建立的认知评价模型与行为决策模型定性定量的分析了个体环境风险感知的经济学心理学基础对于公众来说，提供了一个细致分析自身环境风险感知的途径，减少公众在面对环境风险事件的不必要恐慌乃至更多不合理的有损自身利益的行为；而且本研究的相关结论还给政府环境风险管理与社会管理部门提供了政策制定提供参考，进而更进一步的促进公众采取合理的环境风险应对行为
[Abstract]:With the increasingly remarkable achievements of reform and opening up in China, the economic strength is increasing rapidly, but the environmental risks exposed at the same time are also obviously increasing. The social problems reflected behind the environmental risks are not only harmful to the interests of the public, but also to the interests of the public. It also brings difficulties to the government's environmental risk management. Therefore, the research on public environmental risk awareness is increasing day by day. However, the traditional study of environmental risk perception separates the relationship between individual cognition and emotion, and only analyzes the psychological mechanism of environmental risk perception from a single perspective, and the established quantitative model is only related to the analysis of the results and probability of environmental risk. Due to the lack of comprehensive consideration of individual subjective factors, this study can not fully reflect the process of public environmental risk perception. This study takes individual environmental risk perception as the research object under such a background. The research on environmental risk perception is divided into two parts: environmental risk cognition evaluation and environmental risk behavior decision-making. The qualitative and quantitative study on the intrinsic mechanism of individual environmental risk perception is mainly from the perspective of cognition and emotion, and introduces the theory of evaluation in psychology. On the basis of traditional evaluation theory, a new cognitive evaluation model is established by adding emotional state variables. It is revealed that the internal mechanism of individual cognitive evaluation determines individual behavior tendency through influencing immediate emotion. On the basis of foreground theory, a new quantitative model of environmental risk perception is established to quantitatively describe individual environmental risk behavior decision-making. The parameters of the model were fitted by nonlinear least squares, and the changes of model parameters under different environmental risk attitudes were observed. The applicability of the new model was investigated according to the fitting results of the model. By comparing the results of the two situations of economic loss and moral ethics, combined with some conclusions of cognitive evaluation of environmental risk, this paper comprehensively analyzes the impact of cognitive evaluation and emotional experience on individual perception of environmental risk. To make up for the lack of quantitative model for the consideration of individual subjective factors, a more comprehensive description of the individual environmental risk perception of the internal process of this study from the individual cognitive and emotional perspective, Through the establishment of cognitive evaluation model and behavioral decision-making model qualitative and quantitative analysis of the individual environmental risk perception of economic psychology foundation for the public to provide a detailed analysis of their own environmental risk perception approach. Reduce the public in the face of environmental risks in the event of unnecessary panic and even more unreasonable acts detrimental to their own interests; Moreover, the relevant conclusions of this study also provide a reference for government environmental risk management and social management departments to formulate policies, and further promote the public to adopt reasonable environmental risk response behavior.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：X820.4;F124

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