政府卫生支出对城乡居民消费结构影响的动态分析
发布时间：2019-01-29 00:34
【摘要】：近年来，随着我国社会经济的持续发展，我国居民的消费总量也不断上升。但由于社会保障制度不完善等种种因素，使得我国消费率逐年下降，城乡居民消费结构优化速度缓慢，进而影响我国经济的持续健康发展。尤其是在当前产能结构性过剩、内需严重不足的经济形势下，优化居民消费结构、提振居民消费更成为政府迫切需要解决的问题。基于此，我国政府通过逐年增加卫生支出的投入力度，以期保障居民基本医疗卫生需求，释放居民在家庭设备、文教娱乐等项目的消费能力，从而实现优化居民消费结构、提振居民消费的政策目的。 在此背景下，文章从我国现实情况出发，通过回顾改革开放以来我国政府卫生投入与城乡居民消费结构发展变化趋势及特点，分别从政府介入卫生医疗市场的理论依据、政府介入卫生医疗市场的基本途径以及政府介入卫生医疗市场的现实经济意义等方面论述了政府加大卫生投入的必要性，，并为文章研究政府卫生投入与居民消费结构变化寻找理论基础。 在理论分析基础上，文章依据全国31个省市城乡2004—2011年相关数据建立Panel Data模型，分别从城乡角度分析政府卫生投入对居民消费率以及消费结构的影响。结果表明：政府财政支出用于医疗卫生占比与城乡居民消费率之间相关性为正，意味着政府加大卫生投入可提高居民消费率；另外政府卫生投入对居民消费结构也有一定影响。具体而言，对城镇居民而言，加大政府卫生投入可降低食品消费占总消费比重，提高衣着、居住、家庭设备、文教娱乐等消费占总消费比重；对农村居民而言，加大政府卫生投入可降低通信消费占总消费比重，提高居住、家庭设备、文教娱乐等消费占总消费比重。通过上述实证分析，证明我国政府加大卫生支出确实可通过保障居民基本卫生需求来实现优化城乡居民消费结构，增强城乡居民消费能力的政策初衷，为政府进一步通过加大卫生支出实现提振消费、拉动内需的政策提供数据支持。最后文章从继续加大政府卫生支出力度、加快医疗保障制度改革以及缩小城乡收入差距等三方面为政府进一步通过加大卫生支出提出建议。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the sustainable development of China's social economy, the total consumption of Chinese residents is also rising. However, due to the imperfect social security system and other factors, the consumption rate of our country is decreasing year by year, and the speed of optimizing the consumption structure of urban and rural residents is slow, which will affect the sustainable and healthy development of our country's economy. Especially in the current economic situation of structural overcapacity and serious shortage of domestic demand, optimizing the consumption structure of residents and boosting the consumption of residents has become an urgent problem to be solved by the government. Based on this, our government will increase the investment of health expenditure year by year, in order to ensure the basic medical and health needs of residents, to release the consumption ability of residents in household equipment, cultural and educational entertainment, and so on, so as to optimize the consumption structure of residents. The policy purpose of boosting residents' consumption. Under this background, the article proceeds from the reality situation of our country, by reviewing the development trend and characteristics of the government's health investment and the consumption structure of urban and rural residents since the reform and opening up, respectively, from the theoretical basis of the government's intervention in the health and medical market. The basic ways of government intervention in the health care market and the practical economic significance of government intervention in the health care market are discussed in this paper, and the necessity of increasing government investment in health care is discussed. It also provides a theoretical basis for the study of the changes of government health investment and the consumption structure of residents. On the basis of theoretical analysis, this paper establishes a Panel Data model based on the relevant data of 31 provinces and cities from 2004 to 2011, and analyzes the effects of government health investment on the consumption rate and consumption structure from the perspective of urban and rural areas. The results show that the positive correlation between the proportion of government expenditure on health care and the consumption rate of urban and rural residents means that the increase of government health investment can improve the consumption rate of residents, and the government health investment also has a certain impact on the consumption structure of residents. In particular, for urban residents, increasing government health investment can reduce the proportion of food consumption, improve clothing, housing, family equipment, cultural and educational entertainment and other consumption in the proportion of total consumption; For rural residents, increasing government health investment can reduce the proportion of communication consumption in total consumption, and increase the proportion of residential, household equipment, cultural and educational entertainment, etc. Through the above empirical analysis, it is proved that the government can realize the policy intention of optimizing the consumption structure of urban and rural residents and enhancing the consumption ability of urban and rural residents by ensuring the basic health needs of residents. It provides data support for government policies to boost consumption and boost domestic demand by increasing health expenditure. Finally, the paper puts forward some suggestions for the government to further increase health expenditure from three aspects: continuing to increase government health expenditure, speeding up the reform of medical security system and narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas.
【学位授予单位】：山西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F224;F126.1;F812.45
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the sustainable development of China's social economy, the total consumption of Chinese residents is also rising. However, due to the imperfect social security system and other factors, the consumption rate of our country is decreasing year by year, and the speed of optimizing the consumption structure of urban and rural residents is slow, which will affect the sustainable and healthy development of our country's economy. Especially in the current economic situation of structural overcapacity and serious shortage of domestic demand, optimizing the consumption structure of residents and boosting the consumption of residents has become an urgent problem to be solved by the government. Based on this, our government will increase the investment of health expenditure year by year, in order to ensure the basic medical and health needs of residents, to release the consumption ability of residents in household equipment, cultural and educational entertainment, and so on, so as to optimize the consumption structure of residents. The policy purpose of boosting residents' consumption. Under this background, the article proceeds from the reality situation of our country, by reviewing the development trend and characteristics of the government's health investment and the consumption structure of urban and rural residents since the reform and opening up, respectively, from the theoretical basis of the government's intervention in the health and medical market. The basic ways of government intervention in the health care market and the practical economic significance of government intervention in the health care market are discussed in this paper, and the necessity of increasing government investment in health care is discussed. It also provides a theoretical basis for the study of the changes of government health investment and the consumption structure of residents. On the basis of theoretical analysis, this paper establishes a Panel Data model based on the relevant data of 31 provinces and cities from 2004 to 2011, and analyzes the effects of government health investment on the consumption rate and consumption structure from the perspective of urban and rural areas. The results show that the positive correlation between the proportion of government expenditure on health care and the consumption rate of urban and rural residents means that the increase of government health investment can improve the consumption rate of residents, and the government health investment also has a certain impact on the consumption structure of residents. In particular, for urban residents, increasing government health investment can reduce the proportion of food consumption, improve clothing, housing, family equipment, cultural and educational entertainment and other consumption in the proportion of total consumption; For rural residents, increasing government health investment can reduce the proportion of communication consumption in total consumption, and increase the proportion of residential, household equipment, cultural and educational entertainment, etc. Through the above empirical analysis, it is proved that the government can realize the policy intention of optimizing the consumption structure of urban and rural residents and enhancing the consumption ability of urban and rural residents by ensuring the basic health needs of residents. It provides data support for government policies to boost consumption and boost domestic demand by increasing health expenditure. Finally, the paper puts forward some suggestions for the government to further increase health expenditure from three aspects: continuing to increase government health expenditure, speeding up the reform of medical security system and narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas.
【学位授予单位】：山西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F224;F126.1;F812.45
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4 马U
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