我国城乡居民财产性收入差距研究

发布时间：2019-03-06 14:48

【摘要】：随着我国社会主义市场经济持续稳步发展，城乡居民财富不断积累，，城乡居民人均财产性收入迅速增长。1993年我国城镇居民人均财产性收入为45.8元，2010年达到520.33元，增长11.36倍；1993年我国农村居民人均财产性收入为7.02元，2010年增加到202.25元，增长幅度达28.81倍。城乡居民财产性收入不仅表现为高速增长的趋势，而且还表现出绝对收入额的显著差异。城乡居民之间的财产性收入差距由1993年的38.78元增加到2010年的318.08元，增长8.2倍，财产性收入对城乡居民收入差距的贡献不断加大。财产性收入属于衍生性收入，通过马太效应的作用，会使穷者越穷，富者越富，导致财产性收入分配的不均等。另外，财产性收入缺乏流动性，容易造成贫富阶层的固化，并且这种固化具有世代相传的特点，从而形成财产性收入与贫富差距的恶性循环。财产性收入本身所具有的这些属性加剧了城乡居民收入分配不均等的严重程度。城乡居民财产性收入差距问题是我国收入分配领域面临的理论和现实问题，能否处理好直接关系到我国全面建设小康社会和社会主义和谐社会目标的顺利实现。在此背景下，本文试图探索当前我国城乡居民财产性收入差距的现状及其存在的问题，以期对相关的理论研究和政策制定提供有益的参考。本文通过查阅文献资料和统计数据，对我国城乡居民财产性收入差距问题进行分析研究。从历年我国城乡居民财产性收入变化趋势看，我国城乡居民财产性收入的绝对量和相对量都呈现出明显的阶段性特征，而且每个阶段的发展变化与我国历次收入分配制度的改革密切相关，我国城乡居民财产性收入深受我国收入分配制度的影响。从城乡居民内部不同收入组财产性收入的对比情况来看，无论是城镇内部、农村内部，还是城乡之间，我国居民财产性收入差距都在逐渐拉大。为了更加清楚的认识我国城乡居民财产性收入差距的程度，本文借鉴前人的方法对城乡居民财产性收入差距进行了洛伦兹曲线、基尼系数和泰尔指数的测算。通过分析2003年和2010年我国城乡居民收入分配的洛伦兹曲线发现，我国城乡居民财产性收入分配的不均等程度远远高于总收入分配的不均等程度。通过对2003-2010年我国城乡居民财产性收入的基尼系数进行测算，结果表明：无论是在城镇还是农村，居民财产性收入的基尼系数都较高；从基尼系数的分解情况看，我国城乡差距一直对总体财产性收入差距贡献最大。另外，文章对我国东、中、西三大区域的城乡居民财产性收入差距的泰尔指数测算发现，我国中部地区城乡居民财产性收入差距最大，西部次之，东部最小。同时，论文从住房、土地和金融资产三个重要的财产性收入来源角度分析了我国城乡居民财产性收入差距的成因，并在对我国城乡居民财产性收入现状和成因分析的基础上，提出缩小我国城乡居民财产性收入差距的对策建议。
[Abstract]:With the steady development of the socialist market economy in China, the wealth of urban and rural residents has accumulated, and the property income per capita of urban and rural residents has increased rapidly. In 1993, the property income per capita of urban residents in China was 45.8 yuan, reaching 520.33 yuan in 2010, and the increase of 11.36 times. In 1993, the per-capita property income of rural residents in China was 7.02 yuan, which increased to 202.25 yuan in 2010, with an increase of 28.81 times. The property income of urban and rural residents is not only the trend of high-speed growth, but also the significant difference of absolute income. The income gap between urban and rural residents increased from 38.78 yuan in 1993 to 318.08 yuan in 2010, with an increase of 8.2 times, and the contribution of property income to the income gap between urban and rural residents is increasing. Property income belongs to the derived income, and through the effect of the Matthew effect, the poorer the poor, the more rich the rich, and the non-uniformity of the distribution of property income In addition, the lack of liquidity in property income can easily lead to the curing of the rich and poor, and the curing has the characteristics of generation and generation, so as to form the vicious cycle of property income and the rich and poor. The properties of the property income of the urban and rural areas have increased the distribution of the income of urban and rural residents. The problem of the income gap between urban and rural residents is the theoretical and practical problem in the field of income distribution in our country, and whether it can be dealt with directly is the smooth reality of the overall construction of a well-off society and the goal of the socialist harmonious society. In this background, this paper tries to explore the present situation and the existing problems of the property income gap between the urban and rural residents in our country, with a view to providing useful reference for the relevant theoretical research and policy development. In this paper, the problem of property income gap between urban and rural residents in China is divided by consulting the literature and statistics. According to the change trend of property income of urban and rural residents in China over the years, the absolute quantity and relative quantity of property income of urban and rural residents in our country have a distinct stage characteristic, and the development of each stage is closely related to the reform of the income distribution system of our country The property income of urban and rural residents in China is deeply affected by the income distribution system of our country. From the comparison of the property income of different income groups in the urban and rural areas, the income gap between the property income and property income of our country is on the basis of the comparison of the property income of different income groups in the urban and rural areas, whether in the urban or rural areas or between urban and rural areas. In order to make a more clear understanding of the income gap between urban and rural residents in our country, this paper gives the lorentz curve, the Gini coefficient and the Terre for the income gap between the urban and rural residents with reference to the previous methods. By analyzing the Lorenz curve of the income distribution of urban and rural residents in China in 2003 and 2010, the distribution of property income of urban and rural residents in China is far higher than that of total income distribution The results show that the Gini coefficient of the property income of the urban and rural residents in China in 2003-2010 is calculated. The results show that the Gini coefficient of the property income of the residents in the urban and rural areas is higher, from the basis of the Gini coefficient. in that case of decomposition, the gap between the urban and rural areas of China has always been poor in the overall property income In addition, the paper has found that the property income gap between urban and rural residents in the central region of China is the largest and the west is the second in the east, middle and west regions of China. At the same time, the paper analyzes the causes of the income gap between urban and rural residents in China from the three important property income sources of housing, land and financial assets, and points out the present situation and the cause of property income of urban and rural residents in China. On the basis of analysis, it is proposed to narrow the income gap between the property income of urban and rural residents in China
【学位授予单位】：山东财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F124.7;F224

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