自然资源丰裕度对中国地区经济增长的影响：制度视角的解析

发布时间：2019-05-24 08:24

【摘要】：经济发展是全球最重要的课题之一，众多经济学家对经济发展进行了深入的研究。传统经济学认为自然资源禀赋应与经济发展呈正相关，也就是说自然资源禀赋丰富的国家经济发展水平也应该越高。然而事实并非如此。特别是一些发展中国家的现状表明，充裕的自然资源不一定能推动经济的发展，反而可能成为经济发展的绊脚石，这一现象被称为“资源诅咒”。自从改革开放之后，中国经济高速发展，经济总量和经济增长速度达到世界前列。在中国经济高速发展的同时，不可忽略的是中国经济发展存在极度不平衡。自然资源禀赋丰裕的省市，经济发展不尽如人意。反而是自然资源禀赋贫乏的地区，经济发展速度喜人。这不禁让人质疑中国是否也存在着“资源诅咒”现象，目前许多理论研究和实证检验证实了这一观点。深入研究和探讨“资源诅咒”传导机制和解决途径，能为中国合理开发利用自然资源提供借鉴。同时对于解决自然资源与经济发展的关系、中国地区间经济平衡发展等等一系列问题具有现实意义。本文由五部分组成。第一章阐释了自然资源禀赋对经济增长影响的相关理论与文献。对“资源诅咒”理论的提出、实证以及传导机制进行了研究和探讨，并梳理了自然资源和制度之间的关系。第二章从制度方面入手，解释了自然资源与经济增长之间的关系。通过分析得出，制度能影响自然资源的配置能力和自然租金的使用效率，这两方面内容的削弱使经济增长受到阻碍，从而影响地区发展。同时在对制度和“资源诅咒”分析时发现，制度的缺失和缺陷，导致丰裕的自然资源引发腐败以及减轻各方面的改革压力，最后影响经济发展。第三章是本文的重点。主要对中国地区制度和经济现象进行了分析和讨论。根据实际情况来看，中国省际层面上存在着“资源诅咒”现象。比较了中国各地区所有制结构、政府干预度和腐败程度的制度差异后发现，制度在自然资源和经济增长之间起到了关键作用。特别是在自然资源丰裕地区，制度弱化产生大量的腐败和寻租行为，引起“资源诅咒”现象的机制就是制度缺失和不完善。第四章是对中国地区“资源诅咒”现象的实证分析。在回归模型设定中，，被解释变量为实际GDP增长率。解释变量包括自然资源丰裕度、制度、外商投资、国内投资、人力资本和创新等内容。其中制度变量用三个指标来衡量，一是财政支出占GDP的比重；二是国有经济职工占总职工的比重；三是每1000人中被立案侦查的职务犯罪案件比例。实证结果表明，在中国省级层面上存在着“资源诅咒”现象。制度因素在自然资源丰裕地区的经济发展中具有关键作用。第五章在前面几章的研究基础上，对全文做出了概括和总结，本文认为中国存在着“资源诅咒”现象，说明自然资源通过制度对经济增长产生影响，这里明确了中国产生“资源诅咒”的原因是制度因素。
[Abstract]:Economic development is one of the most important topics in the world, and many economists have studied the economic development deeply. Traditional economics holds that natural resources endowment should be positively related to economic development, that is, the higher the national economic development level of natural resource endowment. However, this is not the case. The present status of some developing countries, in particular, indicates that sufficient natural resources do not necessarily promote economic development, but instead may be a stumbling block to economic development, which is referred to as a "resource curse". Since the reform and opening-up, China's high-speed economic development, the total economic volume and the economic growth rate reach the world At the same time of China's high-speed economic development, it is not to be ignored that the economic development of China is extremely uneven The provinces and cities with abundant natural resources and abundant natural resources, the economic development is inexhaustible. Instead, it is the region with poor natural resources and the speed of economic development. People. It can't help to question whether there is a "resource curse" in China, and many theoretical and empirical tests confirm this view. Point. In-depth study and study of the "resource curse" conduction mechanism and the solution, which can provide the rational exploitation and utilization of natural resources in China A series of problems, such as the relationship between natural resources and economic development, and the development of economic balance among China's regions, have the realistic meaning. A. This article is composed of five parts. The first chapter explains the correlation theory of natural resource endowment on economic growth In this paper, the paper studies and discusses the introduction, demonstration and conduction mechanism of the "resource curse" theory, and then sorts out the relationship between the natural resources and the system The second chapter starts with the system, and explains the natural resources and economic growth The relationship between natural resources and the efficiency of the use of natural rent can be affected by the analysis. The weakening of the content of these two aspects has hindered the growth of the economy, and thus the shadow In response to the development of the region, in the analysis of the system and the "resource curse", it has been found that the lack of the system and the defects of the system, resulting in the abundant natural resources and the reduction of the reform pressure and the final shadow of the various aspects in response to economic development Chapter is the focus of this paper. It is mainly about the China's regional system and the economic phenomenon. The analysis and discussion are made. According to the actual situation, there are "resource curse" on the inter-provincial level of China < A comparison of the system differences between the ownership structure, the degree of government intervention and the degree of corruption in all parts of China, and found that the system is between natural resources and economic growth It plays a key role. In particular, in the area of abundant natural resources, the system is weakened to generate a large amount of corruption and rent-seeking behavior, and the mechanism to cause the "resource curse" phenomenon is to make the system The fourth chapter is the "resource curse" . In the regression model setting, the variable is explained. To increase the real GDP growth rate. The explanatory variables include the abundance of natural resources, the system, the foreign investment, the domestic investment and the people. The system variable is measured by three indexes, one is the specific gravity of the GDP, the second is the specific gravity of the state-owned economy, and the third is the case investigation in every 1,000 people. The empirical results show that there are "trunk>" resource curses at the provincial level of China. " phenomenon. The system factor is the economy of the rich region of natural resources." In chapter five, on the basis of the previous chapters, the paper summarizes and summarizes the full text. In this paper, the paper holds that there is a "resource curse" phenomenon in China, which indicates that natural resources have an impact on economic growth through the system, and here it is clear that China's" resource curse " 【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F127;F205

【参考文献】