特殊工况（磁场作用、水润滑）下的材料摩擦行为及应用研究

发布时间：2018-01-05 01:13

本文关键词：特殊工况（磁场作用、水润滑）下的材料摩擦行为及应用研究　出处：《江苏大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：机械设备零部件的摩擦磨损状态会直接影响系统的运行状况。为保证正常运作,系统需要根据不同环境下摩擦学行为的变化做出相应调整。磁场作用下,金属材料摩擦副表面会加速氧化,材料自身会发生磁致伸缩、表面显微硬度增加、塑性增大、内应力下降等多种物理性质的变化,对其摩擦学性能产生影响。磁场作用下摩擦学行为的研究无论是对提高强磁场工况下机械系统工作效率,还是精密仪器在弱磁场作用下保证正常运作均有着重要意义。此外,为适应环保理念,减少污染,简化轴承润滑系统,越来越多船舶开始使用水润滑艉轴管轴承,研究水润滑艉轴管轴承的摩擦学行为对优化船舶动力系统设计、提高船舶运行效率和改善船舶启动时剧烈震动的问题有着重要意义。本文基于多功能摩擦磨损试验机/微摩擦试验机(UMT-3),分别在磁场环境下对涂覆防氧化膜的金属材料摩擦副、水润滑条件下高分子材料摩擦副进行了系统的摩擦学试验,探明了磁场作用对材料摩擦学行为的影响和机理,以及水润滑条件下船舶艉轴管轴承材料的摩擦学行为。作为磁场摩擦学应用的延伸,针对动力吸振器,采用拓频控制方法,对磁流变弹性体吸振器的拓频控制与优化进行了仿真模拟研究。具体工作内容如下:首先,为防止金属材料在摩擦过程中氧化,设计并制备了聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)/磁性薄膜双膜系。在外磁场作用下,研究了外加载荷和磁场强度对往复滑动聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/磁性薄膜双膜系摩擦性能的影响,理论分析了磁场作用下磁场诱发的磁性力与摩擦副物理性质变化对摩擦力和摩擦系数的影响,为磁性薄膜的界面介质设计与控制提供了依据。其次,制备了三种船舶水润滑艉轴管轴承材料UHMWPE、Thordon和Ferofrom的销针,ZCu Sn10Zn2销盘。对水润滑、低速重载下,摩擦副相对滑动速度、载荷对其粘滑现象的影响开展了研究,通过检测材料亲疏水性、自润滑特性和试验后试样磨损界面的表面形貌等理论分析,揭示了不同材料、相对滑动速度、载荷对粘滑现象强弱的影响和机理,为船舶艉轴管轴承设计、材料选取提供了依据。最后,作为磁场摩擦学应用的延伸研究工作,设计优化了双自由度主系统含阻尼的磁流变弹性体吸振器数学模型,通过磁场强度的改变可实现吸振的目的。基于Matlab Simulink模块,为实际应用构造了时域、频域模型,模拟分析了吸振器的工作原理和拓频设计,为磁流变弹性体的半主动吸振器的应用提供了设计依据。
[Abstract]:The friction and wear state of mechanical equipment parts will directly affect the operation of the system. In order to ensure the normal operation, the system needs to make corresponding adjustments according to the changes of tribological behavior in different environments. The surface of metal friction pair will accelerate oxidation, the material itself will occur magnetostriction, the surface microhardness will increase, the plasticity will increase, the internal stress will decrease and many other physical properties will change. The study of tribological behavior under the action of magnetic field can improve the working efficiency of mechanical system under the condition of strong magnetic field. In addition, in order to adapt to the concept of environmental protection, reduce pollution, simplify the bearing lubrication system. More and more ships begin to use water-lubricated stern tube bearings to study the tribological behavior of water-lubricated stern tube bearings to optimize the design of ship power system. It is of great significance to improve the efficiency of ship operation and to improve the problem of severe vibration when the ship starts. This paper is based on the multifunctional friction and wear tester / micro friction tester UMT-3). Tribological tests were carried out on the friction pairs of metal materials coated with anti-oxidizing film in magnetic field and polymer materials under water lubrication. The effect and mechanism of magnetic field on tribological behavior of materials and tribological behavior of ship stern tube bearing materials under water lubrication were investigated. As an extension of magnetic field tribology application, dynamic vibration absorbers were studied. The frequency extension control and optimization of magnetorheological elastomer vibration absorber are simulated and simulated by frequency extension control method. The main work is as follows: firstly, to prevent metal materials from oxidation in friction process. Poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) / magnetic film double film system was designed and prepared under the action of external magnetic field. The effects of applied load and magnetic field intensity on the friction properties of reciprocating sliding poly (methyl methacrylate) / magnetic films were investigated. The influence of the magnetic force induced by magnetic field and the physical properties of the friction pair on the friction force and friction coefficient is analyzed theoretically, which provides the basis for the design and control of the interface medium of the magnetic film. Three kinds of ship water lubricated stern tube bearing materials UHMWPEN Thordon and Ferofrom pin pin ZCu Sn10Zn2 pins were prepared for water lubrication under low speed and heavy load. The effects of friction pair relative sliding speed and load on the adhesion and slip phenomenon were studied. The hydrophobicity self-lubricating characteristics and the surface morphology of the wear interface of the specimen were analyzed theoretically by testing the hydrophobicity of the material. The influence and mechanism of different materials, relative sliding speed and load on the viscosity and slip phenomenon are revealed, which provides the basis for the design and material selection of stern tube bearings. As an extension of the application of magnetic field tribology, the mathematical model of magneto-rheological elastomer absorber with damping in two-degree-of-freedom main system is designed and optimized. The aim of vibration absorption can be realized by changing the magnetic field intensity. Based on the Matlab Simulink module, the time-domain and frequency-domain models are constructed for practical applications. The working principle and frequency extension design of the vibration absorber are simulated and analyzed, which provides the design basis for the application of the semi-active vibration absorber of the magnetorheological elastomer.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TH117.1

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