滑移装载机工作装置液压系统仿真与优化设计

发布时间：2018-01-06 15:32

本文关键词：滑移装载机工作装置液压系统仿真与优化设计　出处：《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来，我国的基础建设已渐趋完善，逐步进入了保养、维护阶段。鉴于城市交通网络密集、施工情况复杂，传统的大型工程机械已经逐步不适应现代化建设的需要，因此小型工程机械拥有了良好的发展前景。而滑移装载机作为小型工程机械的典型代表，可以配置多种属具，在公路养护、城市绿化及道路除雪等方面，均具有巨大优势。相比于国外滑移装载机来说，我国滑移装载机技术相对落后，但是像徐工、柳工、厦工等国内较大的工程机械厂家，均在该技术领域投入了大量的资源，为我国滑移装载机技术的发展提供了巨大的动力。本文基于校企合作项目“滑移装载机底盘机构性能研究”，对滑移装载机工作装置液压系统的动态性能展开研究，并通过联合仿真解决了实验过程中发现的问题。本文在理论分析的基础上，结合仿真与实验，对国内某厂家某型号的滑移装载机展开研究，具体研究内容如下：首先，分析了国内外滑移装载机的发展现状及技术现状，并对工作装置液压系统及动臂结构采用的技术手段进行简要阐述。介绍了国内外仿真技术的发展现状，进而说明本文在研究滑移装载机工作系统中所采用的技术手段。其次，分析了工作系统主要液压元件工作原理，介绍了功率键合图建模特点，并运用功率键合图建立了相关元件的数学模型。由键合图得出功率状态方程，并阐明对系统动态特性影响的因子。然后，根据理论分析，对滑移装载机工作装置液压系统进行实验测试，并对关键测点的势变量、流变量进行详细分析，并为后文仿真与实验的对比分析做好准备。经过反复测试，发现动臂处于下限位时，若接通多路阀动臂联下降位的先导控制压力，铲斗存在外翻现象。考虑到机型空间狭小，决定采用仿真来研究当前问题。再次，，在充分研究工作装置液压系统工作原理的基础上，利用AMESim对液压系统进行建模，利用LMS Virtual Motion对工作装置的整个机构进行动力学建模，通过对比仿真与实验的分析结果，说明仿真可以准确地模拟实际工况。最后，利用联合仿真发现实验中的问题出自调平阀，即：当动臂处于下限位时，若接通多路阀动臂联下降位的先导控制压力，在高压环境下，油液经调平阀阀芯上的阻尼孔进入铲斗油缸大腔，从而导致铲斗外翻。通过仿真验证，在调平阀阀芯上加一单向阀即可解决该问题，并保证动臂起升时，铲斗仍旧能够自动调平。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the basic construction of our country has gradually improved, gradually entered the maintenance, maintenance stage. In view of the dense urban traffic network, the construction situation is complex. Traditional large-scale construction machinery has been gradually unable to meet the needs of modernization, so small construction machinery has a good development prospects. And slip loader as a typical representative of small construction machinery. It has great advantages in highway maintenance, urban greening and road snow removal. Compared with foreign slip loaders, the technology of slip loaders in China is relatively backward, but large domestic construction machinery manufacturers, such as Xugong, Liugong, Xiagong and so on, have invested a lot of resources in this technical field. It provides a huge power for the development of sliding loader technology in China. This paper is based on the project "performance study of sliding loader chassis mechanism". The dynamic performance of hydraulic system of sliding loader is studied, and the problems found in the experiment are solved by joint simulation. On the basis of theoretical analysis, combined with simulation and experiment, this paper studies a certain type of slip loader in a domestic manufacturer. The specific research contents are as follows: Firstly, the development and technology status of slip loader at home and abroad are analyzed. The technical methods used in hydraulic system and arm structure of working device are briefly described, and the development status of simulation technology at home and abroad is introduced. Furthermore, the technical means used in the study of sliding loader working system are explained in this paper. Secondly, the working principle of the main hydraulic components of the working system is analyzed, and the modeling characteristics of the power bond graph are introduced, and the mathematical model of the related components is established by using the power bond graph. The power state equation is obtained from the bond graph. The factors that affect the dynamic characteristics of the system are illustrated. Then, according to the theoretical analysis, the hydraulic system of the sliding loader working device is tested experimentally, and the potential variables and flow variables of the key measuring points are analyzed in detail. After repeated tests, it is found that when the arm is in the lower limit position, the pilot control pressure of the multi-way valve arm is connected. Because of the small space of the bucket, it is decided to use simulation to study the current problems. Thirdly, on the basis of fully studying the working principle of the hydraulic system of the working device, AMESim is used to model the hydraulic system. Using LMS Virtual. The dynamic modeling of the whole mechanism of the working device is carried out by Motion. By comparing the simulation results with the experimental results, it is shown that the simulation can accurately simulate the actual working conditions. Finally, the joint simulation shows that the problem in the experiment is the leveling valve, that is, when the arm is in the lower position, if the pilot control pressure of the multi-way valve arm drop position is connected, under the high pressure environment. The damping hole in the valve core of the leveling valve enters the large cavity of the bucket cylinder, which results in the bucket overturning. Through simulation, the problem can be solved by adding a one-way valve to the valve core of the leveling valve, and the lifting of the moving arm can be ensured. The bucket can still be leveled automatically.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TH243

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