齿轮制造误差对变速器啸叫性能的影响机理研究

发布时间：2018-03-30 10:57

本文选题：变速器齿轮　切入点：啸叫　出处：《重庆理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在整车振动噪声的影响因素中,变速器是除发动机和排气系统之外的主要振动噪声源之一,啸叫是变速器最常见的振动噪声形式,齿轮制造误差激励对啸叫有较大影响。通过改善齿轮加工方法,提高齿轮加工精度能够很大程度地降低变速器振动噪声,但必然要增加制造成本。因此,在确定的工艺条件下,不改变齿轮结构参数,通过控制主要的单项误差来减小变速器振动噪声,具有实际的工程意义。基于变速器系统振动噪声产生机理的研究,建立了考虑变速器壳体动态性能影响的齿轮耦合振动动力学分析模型。分析了齿轮副重合度、齿轮传递误差、啮合错位量、齿面接触斑点等对变速器系统振动噪声的影响,并对其产生原因做了理论上的阐释。对变速器壳体进行了有限元模态分析与实验验证,从模态频率误差及振型相关性的MAC值两方面讨论了壳体分析模型的有效性。基于MASTA软件建立了考虑壳体弹性变形影响的变速器系统仿真分析模型。分析了柔性壳体对齿轮副动态啮合特性的影响。结果表明:变速器壳体弹性变形对齿轮副啮合错位量、齿面接触斑点、齿轮副传递误差峰峰值等有明显的恶化作用;齿轮副动态啮合力的峰值与变速器壳体模态有较强的相关性。进行了齿轮接触斑点实验,得到了齿面接触斑点分布规律,初步验证了速器系统仿真分析模型的有效性;进行了变速器单体振动噪声实验,得到了转速、载荷、齿轮综合误差等对变速器啸叫的影响规律,同时进一步验证了分析模型的有效性。结合仿真分析与实验测试结果,对变速器壳体进行了结构优化,从而提升了齿轮副的动态啮合特性。基于实验校正后的含综合制造误差的变速器系统仿真分析模型,将齿轮综合误差修改为某单项误差,从而分别研究了基节偏差、螺旋线倾斜偏差、径向跳动偏差对变速器啸叫性能的影响,掌握了其影响机理。
[Abstract]:The transmission is one of the main sources of vibration and noise besides the engine and exhaust system among the factors affecting the vibration and noise of the whole vehicle, and screeching is the most common form of vibration and noise of the transmission. Gear manufacturing error excitation has great influence on screeching. By improving gear machining method and increasing gear machining accuracy, vibration and noise of transmission can be reduced to a great extent, but manufacturing cost must be increased. Therefore, under certain technological conditions, It is of practical engineering significance to reduce the vibration and noise of transmission by controlling the main single error without changing the structural parameters of gear. Based on the research of mechanism of vibration and noise of transmission system, The dynamic analysis model of gear coupling vibration considering the dynamic performance of transmission shell is established, and the effects of gear pair coincidence, gear transmission error, meshing misalignment and tooth contact spot on the vibration and noise of transmission system are analyzed. The causes are explained in theory. The finite element modal analysis and experimental verification of the transmission shell are carried out. The effectiveness of the shell analysis model is discussed in terms of the modal frequency error and the MAC value of the mode mode correlation. Based on the MASTA software, the simulation analysis model of the transmission system considering the elastic deformation of the shell is established, and the flexible shell is analyzed. The effect of the body on the dynamic meshing characteristics of the gear pair. The results show that the elastic deformation of the transmission shell affects the meshing misalignment of the gear pair. The contact spot of gear surface and the peak value of transmission error of gear pair have obvious deterioration effect, and the peak value of dynamic meshing force of gear pair has strong correlation with the mode of transmission shell. The distribution of contact spots on the tooth surface is obtained, the validity of the simulation analysis model of the speeder system is preliminarily verified, the vibration and noise experiment of the transmission single unit is carried out, and the influence of the speed, load, and the comprehensive error of the gear on the whistling of the transmission is obtained. At the same time, the validity of the analysis model is further verified. Combined with the simulation analysis and the experimental test results, the structure of the transmission shell is optimized. Based on the simulation analysis model of transmission system with synthetic manufacturing error after experimental correction, the gear synthesis error is modified into a single error, and the base node deviation is studied respectively. The influence of helical deviation and radial runout deviation on the gearbox's whistling performance is studied.
【学位授予单位】：重庆理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH132.41

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