低频圆柱感应式液态金属电磁泵研究

发布时间：2018-04-30 20:33

本文选题：电磁泵 + 数值模拟　；参考：《内蒙古科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着磁流体力学的兴起，电磁冶金已经成为现代材料加工过程的关键技术之一。电磁泵是利用洛伦兹力驱动金属液体的装置，在处理材料的过程中产生径向电磁力推送熔融金属。采用非接触的方式驱动金属液体，可以有效地避免外部气体进入造成的金属氧化，提高材料表面质量，改善内部组织性能。目前，在冶金领域连铸过程中，多采用传导式电磁泵进行液体驱动定量浇铸。相比传导式电磁泵，感应式圆柱电磁泵具有流量大与扬程高等特点。然而，感应式圆柱电磁泵因其体积庞大，仅用于大型核动力设备传输冷却剂。本文致力于设计制作小型圆柱感应式电磁泵，为感应式电磁泵在工业中的普及提供参考。本文计算建立在电磁驱动理论基础之上，通过运用ANSYS有限元分析软件对感应式圆柱电磁泵进行分析计算。电磁泵主要由初级铁心绕组提供行波磁场，由泵沟内金属熔液作为次级沿径向传输。文章分别对电磁泵磁极极数，初级铁心，绕组电流，电源频率以及其他相关结构参数进行模拟计算，探索其各个部分对电磁泵工作效率的影响。在分析计算的基础上制作相应的电磁泵样机进行相关实验，，从而验证模拟计算的可靠性，为样机的改进提供参考依据。通过对电磁泵各个部分结构的计算分析发现：磁极极对数为偶数的电磁泵能提供更高的磁感应强度。环绕在泵沟外侧的初级铁心排布越紧密，对绕组产生的磁场强度利用率越高。而且，中心铁心厚度以初级铁心磁轭厚度为宜。参考各部分结构对电磁泵工作效率的影响，在设计电磁泵时要根据所需电磁泵的体积尺寸确定其绕组的承载能力，为电磁泵传输压差、流量等相关参数提出合理的设计方案。在内部装置结构，外部加载等方面的计算分析基础上，本文成功制作出一台长310mm，直径250mm的感应式圆柱电磁泵，该泵额定线电压120v，线电流30A，可提供0.5个大气压与17L/min的流量。通过模拟液态金属锡在泵中的传输，观察了电磁泵模拟计算的一个正弦周期内液态锡中磁感应强度、感应电流以及电磁力的变化情况。该电磁泵传输扬程与其对应模型计算结果存在较高的一致性。实验表明有限元分析技术能够为电磁泵设计提供了有效的指导作用。
[Abstract]:With the rise of magnetohydrodynamics, electromagnetic metallurgy has become one of the key technologies in modern material processing. Electromagnetic pump is a device that uses Lorentz force to drive metal liquid, which produces radial electromagnetic force to push molten metal in the process of processing material. Using non-contact way to drive metal liquid can effectively avoid the metal oxidation caused by external gas entering, improve the surface quality of materials and improve the internal microstructure and properties. At present, liquid driven quantitative casting is usually carried out by conducting electromagnetic pump in the process of continuous casting in metallurgical field. Compared with conductive electromagnetic pump, inductive cylindrical electromagnetic pump has the characteristics of large flow and high lift. However, inductive cylindrical electromagnetic pump is only used to transfer coolant for large nuclear power equipment because of its large size. This paper is devoted to the design and manufacture of small cylindrical induction electromagnetic pump, which provides a reference for the popularization of inductive electromagnetic pump in industry. Based on the electromagnetic driving theory, this paper analyzes and calculates the inductive cylindrical electromagnetic pump by using ANSYS finite element analysis software. The magnetic field of the electromagnetic pump is mainly provided by the primary core winding, and the metal melt in the pump ditch is used as the secondary radial transmission. In this paper, the number of magnetic poles, primary core, winding current, power frequency and other related structural parameters of electromagnetic pump are simulated and calculated, and the effects of each part on the efficiency of electromagnetic pump are explored. On the basis of analysis and calculation, the corresponding prototype of electromagnetic pump is made to carry out relevant experiments, which verifies the reliability of the simulation calculation and provides a reference for the improvement of the prototype. Through the calculation and analysis of the structure of each part of the electromagnetic pump, it is found that the electromagnetic pump with even logarithm of the pole can provide higher magnetic induction intensity. The closer the primary core is arranged around the outside of the pump groove, the higher the utilization rate of magnetic field intensity is. Moreover, the thickness of the center core is suitable for the primary core yoke. Referring to the influence of each structure on the working efficiency of the electromagnetic pump, the bearing capacity of the winding should be determined according to the volume size of the required electromagnetic pump in the design of the electromagnetic pump, and a reasonable design scheme should be put forward for the transmission pressure difference, flow rate and other related parameters of the electromagnetic pump. On the basis of calculation and analysis of internal device structure and external loading, a inductive cylindrical electromagnetic pump with a length of 310 mm and diameter of 250mm has been successfully fabricated. The pump has a rated line voltage of 120 v and a line current of 30 A. it can provide 0.5 atmospheric pressure and flow rate of 17L/min. By simulating the transmission of liquid metal tin in the pump, the changes of magnetic induction intensity, induced current and electromagnetic force in liquid tin during a sinusoidal cycle simulated by electromagnetic pump are observed. The transmission head of the electromagnetic pump is in good agreement with the calculation result of the corresponding model. Experiments show that the finite element analysis technique can provide effective guidance for electromagnetic pump design.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TH35

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