基于永磁涡流制动的起重机机构制动特性研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 12:30

本文选题：桥式起重机 + 永磁涡流制动　；参考：《西南交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：永磁涡流制动结构简单,制动平稳可靠,节能环保,是涡流制动的主要模式之一。由于永磁涡流制动感应涡流模型解析计算复杂,制动控制困难,是制约其进一步发展的主要原因。为将永磁涡流制动应用于起重机,实现起重机制动控制自动化,本文基于永磁电动悬浮电磁学理论,建立了直线型和旋转型永磁涡流制动的三维解析计算数学模型,并基于该数学模型提出了一种新的永磁涡流制动实现模式。结合起重机机构结构特点及其制动需求,对起重机永磁涡流制动进行了方案设计和仿真分析,并对制动过程进行了动力学分析,设计了永磁涡流制动参数,研究了起重机永磁涡流制动特性。本文主要研究内容如下所示:(1)基于永磁电动悬浮电磁学理论,建立了直线型永磁涡流制动力和旋转型永磁涡流制动力矩的三维解析计算数学模型。有限元分析结果表明,所建立的永磁涡流制动电磁力数学模型的解析计算结果与有限元计算结果的相对误差皆在3%以内,具有很高的精度。(2)根据永磁涡流制动电磁力数学模型,提出了通过改变永磁阵列组的相对位移和相对转角调节制动力和制动力矩的实现模型。通过仿真分析证明了该实现模型能实现较大范围的制动力和制动力矩的调节。(3)结合桥式起重机QD10-13.5起重小车和大车运行机构的结构特点和制动需求对其进行了永磁涡流制动方案设计,并进行了磁场、电磁力和制动功率仿真分析。基于起重机防摇设计,建立了吊重二自由度摆角动力学模型,分析了小车运行机构按一元四次函数规律制动时的动力学特性,确定出了永磁涡流制动参数设计标准。(4)对起重机小车运行机构进行了永磁涡流制动参数设计,通过仿真分析证明了所选参数满足永磁涡流制动参数设计标准。进行了小车运行机构制动过程动态制动特性分析,探究了摆长、制动时间、制动距离和制动初速度对永磁阵列组相对转角、转角速度以及制动功率的影响机理,证明了本文提出的实现模型的可行性和参数设计的合理性。综上所述,本文对起重机机构永磁涡流制动进行了建模、方案设计、仿真分析与制动特性分析,其研究结果对起重机永磁涡流制动的设计具有参考价值,对实现起重机制动控制自动化具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:Permanent magnet eddy current braking is one of the main modes of eddy current braking with simple structure, stable and reliable braking, energy saving and environmental protection. The complex analytical calculation of permanent magnet eddy current braking induced eddy current model and the difficulty of braking control are the main reasons restricting its further development. In order to apply permanent magnet eddy current brake to crane and realize the automation of crane braking control, based on the theory of permanent magnet electric suspension electromagnetism, a three-dimensional analytical mathematical model of linear and rotating permanent magnet eddy current braking is established in this paper. Based on the mathematical model, a new permanent magnet eddy current braking model is proposed. Combined with the structure characteristics of crane mechanism and its braking requirements, the scheme design and simulation analysis of permanent magnet eddy current braking of crane are carried out, and the dynamic analysis of braking process is carried out, and the parameters of permanent magnet eddy current braking are designed. The characteristics of permanent magnet eddy current braking of crane are studied. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) based on the theory of permanent magnet electromagnetics, the mathematical models of linear permanent magnet eddy current braking force and rotating permanent magnet eddy current braking moment are established. The results of finite element analysis show that the relative error between the analytical and finite element calculation results of the established mathematical model of permanent magnet eddy current braking electromagnetic force is within 3%, and has a high precision. (2) according to the mathematical model of electromagnetic force of permanent magnet eddy current brake, The realization model of adjusting braking force and braking moment by changing relative displacement and relative rotation angle of permanent magnet array is proposed. The simulation results show that the model can achieve a wide range of braking force and brake torque regulation. 3) combined with the structural characteristics and braking requirements of the QD10-13.5 crane and the crane operation mechanism, the permanent magnet is carried out. Eddy current braking scheme design, The magnetic field, electromagnetic force and braking power are simulated and analyzed. Based on the anti-rocking design of crane, the dynamic model of two degrees of freedom swing angle of crane is established, and the dynamic characteristics of trolley operating mechanism when braking according to the law of quartic function are analyzed. The design standard of permanent magnet eddy current braking parameters is determined. (4) the design of permanent magnet eddy current braking parameters for crane trolley is carried out. The simulation results show that the selected parameters meet the design standard of permanent magnet eddy current braking parameters. In this paper, the dynamic braking characteristics of trolley operating mechanism are analyzed, and the influence mechanism of pendulum length, braking time, braking distance and braking initial velocity on relative rotation angle, angular velocity and braking power of permanent magnet array is discussed. The feasibility of the model and the rationality of parameter design are proved. To sum up, the permanent magnet eddy current brake of crane mechanism is modeled, scheme design, simulation analysis and braking characteristic analysis. The research results have reference value for the design of crane permanent magnet eddy current brake. It is of great significance to realize the automation of crane braking control.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH21

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