皮带故障对位显示智能控制器的研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 17:06

本文选题：皮带输送机 + 故障监测　；参考：《江苏科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：皮带输送机是矿山、冶金、化工和火力发电等工业领域中广泛使用的一种运输设备,主要用来输送块状、粒状等物料。在运行中皮带常出现跑偏、打滑、撕裂和急停等故障,由于故障类型多且故障点比较分散,使得故障点的查找变得非常困难,给设备的维护以及安全生产带来极大的不便。目前,皮带输送机保护技术不太成熟,通常只有依靠加强检修来减少事故,但通过这样的人为检修不能完全地避免皮带断带下滑所造成的恶性事故。本文首先对皮带故障出现的原因和检测故障的方法进行了研究,然后对故障传感器发出的信号进行了处理转换,并且对处理转换后的信号进行了滤波仿真实验。介绍了智能控制器的主要功能和设计要求,在此基础上,提出了智能控制器的总体设计方案,设计开发出了一种具有对位显示功能的皮带智能控制器。该智能控制器能够对大型皮带输送系统的工作状态进行实时监测,当有故障发生时,能够发出声光报警,通过LCD显示故障的类型与位置,并可以根据故障的类型来控制输送机的运行状态。硬件设计中采用STC89C52RC单片机作为主控MCU,主要由信号采集器和控制器两部分组成。采集器可以对皮带故障信号进行采集,每一个采集器上都设有两片BCD拨码开关,可以对故障的位置进行设定。控制器接收采集器发送来的信号,经过分析判断可通过LCD显示器故障类型及故障位置,然后发出声光报警,并可以根据故障的类型来控制输送机的运行系统,因此这不仅有利于故障的迅速查找,而且有利于提高企业的生产效率。控制器与各个采集器之间通过RS-485总线来实现实时通信,采用的通信接口芯片为SN75176芯片。软件设计采用模块化设计方式,将系统分成几个功能模块分别进行设计,主要包括采集器软件设计、控制器软件设计、BCD拨码开关软件设计、RS-485通信软件设计等,程序采用C语言进行编写。通过在实验室进行软硬件方面的测试和实验,本文设计的智能控制器在实验运行中具有性能稳定、故障智能报警、显示灵活清晰等特点,具有一定的实际应用参考价值。
[Abstract]:Belt conveyer is a kind of transportation equipment widely used in mining, metallurgy, chemical industry and thermal power generation. It is mainly used to transport bulk, granular and other materials. In operation, the belt often appears running deviation, slip, tear and sudden stop and so on. Because there are many types of faults and the fault points are scattered, it becomes very difficult to find fault points, which brings great inconvenience to the maintenance of equipment and the safety of production. At present, belt conveyor protection technology is not very mature, usually only rely on strengthening maintenance to reduce accidents, but through such artificial maintenance can not completely avoid the vicious accident caused by belt breakage slide. In this paper, the cause of belt fault and the method of fault detection are studied, then the signal sent out by fault sensor is processed and converted, and the filter simulation experiment is carried out. The main functions and design requirements of the intelligent controller are introduced. Based on this, the overall design scheme of the intelligent controller is put forward, and a belt intelligent controller with the function of opposite position display is designed and developed. The intelligent controller can monitor the working state of the large belt conveying system in real time. When the fault occurs, the intelligent controller can send out acousto-optic alarm and display the type and position of the fault by LCD. And according to the type of failure to control the running state of the conveyor. In the hardware design, STC89C52RC single chip microcomputer is used as the main control of MCU, which is composed of two parts: signal collector and controller. The collector can collect the fault signal of belt. Each collector is equipped with two BCD dialing switches, which can set the fault position. The controller receives the signal sent by the collector, after analyzing and judging the fault type and fault location of the LCD display, it sends out the acousto-optic alarm, and can control the running system of the conveyor according to the type of the fault. Therefore, this is not only conducive to rapid fault finding, but also conducive to improving the production efficiency of enterprises. Real-time communication between controller and collector is realized by RS-485 bus. The communication interface chip is SN75176 chip. The system is divided into several functional modules, including the software design of the collector, the design of the controller software and the design of RS-485 communication software. The program is written in C language. The intelligent controller designed in this paper has the characteristics of stable performance, intelligent fault alarm, flexible display and clear display, and has certain practical application reference value through the testing and experiment in the software and hardware in the laboratory, the intelligent controller designed in this paper has the characteristics of stable performance, intelligent alarm of fault, clear display and so on.
【学位授予单位】：江苏科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TH222;TP273

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