齿轮箱振动信号分析方法研究

发布时间：2018-07-05 13:50

本文选题：齿轮箱 + 信号分析　；参考：《沈阳工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：齿轮箱运用于机械行业的各个地方,是旋转机械设备中一种最为常用的传动装置,尤其在风力发电装置中大量使用,所以其运行状况的好坏对于设备的运行效率、操作效果和工作寿命等至关重要。但是齿轮箱一旦出现故障,将会造成严重的后果。齿轮箱的振动信号中蕴含了大量的可用信息,但处于早期故障的齿轮箱,振动信号比较微弱,容易被外界环境的噪声和其他部件的振动信号所混淆,因此,对齿轮箱振动信号正确信息的准确提取,并采取正确的方法加以分析,对于齿轮箱维护和保养具有重要的意义。本文以齿轮箱不同工况下的振动信号为研究对象,采用基于σ准则的概率统计方法和小波包三层分解的方法对齿轮箱振动信号进行分析,主要工作有:(1)通过搭建的齿轮箱运行试验台,采集了不同转速和不同工作状况下的加速度振动信号的数据。(2)对采集到的加速度振动信号进行小波包去噪,并对其幅值落点概率进行了统计,提出了基于σ准则的振动信号分析方法,研究证明,如果σ准则变小,则证明幅值落点向左右幅值大的部位进行了偏移,则说明齿轮箱不属于正常状态运行。(3)提出了频域分析确定信号区间,然后小波包分解该区间信号的方法,这样能大大缩小分析信号的频率范围,且小波包分解对于信号变化有很强的敏感性,通过把信号再分解成八个子区间,观察功率频谱图,再与齿轮箱内部各个部件的转频、啮合频率、通过频率等相比较,就能判断出齿轮箱的工作状况以及引起此状况的原因。
[Abstract]:The gearbox, which is used in various parts of the machinery industry, is one of the most commonly used transmission devices in the rotating machinery, especially in the wind power plant, so the running condition of the gearbox is good or bad for the operation efficiency of the equipment. The operation effect and working life are very important. But once the gearbox breaks down, it will have serious consequences. The vibration signal of the gearbox contains a lot of available information, but the vibration signal of the gearbox in the early fault is weak, which is easily confused by the noise in the outside environment and the vibration signal of other parts. The accurate extraction and analysis of the correct information of gear box vibration signal is of great significance to the maintenance and maintenance of the gear box. In this paper, the vibration signals of the gearbox under different working conditions are studied. The probability statistical method based on 蟽 criterion and the method of wavelet packet three-layer decomposition are used to analyze the vibration signals of the gearbox. The main works are as follows: (1) through the gearbox running test bed, the data of acceleration vibration signal under different rotational speed and different working conditions are collected. (2) the collected acceleration vibration signal is de-noised by wavelet packet. A method of vibration signal analysis based on 蟽 criterion is put forward. It is proved that if 蟽 criterion becomes smaller, the amplitude drop point is offset to the position with large amplitude. It is shown that the gearbox does not operate in normal state. (3) the method of frequency domain analysis is proposed to determine the signal interval, and then wavelet packet is used to decompose the signal, which can greatly reduce the frequency range of the analysis signal. Wavelet packet decomposition has a strong sensitivity to signal change. By decomposing the signal into eight sub-regions and observing the power spectrum, the wavelet packet decomposition is compared with the switching frequency, meshing frequency and passing frequency of each component in the gearbox. You can determine the working condition of the gearbox and the cause of the condition.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH132.41

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