高速角接触球轴承油气润滑试验台的设计与研究

发布时间：2018-08-04 14:38

【摘要】：角接触球轴承是电主轴的主要支承方式。油气润滑是近年发展起来的一种新型气液两相流冷却润滑技术,现已成为电主轴角接触球轴承的主要润滑方式。然而,在电主轴复杂多变的运行工况下,摩擦发热仍然是限制电主轴角接触球轴承转速、精度和寿命等性能进一步提升的主要障碍。因此,开展高速角接触球轴承油气润滑试验研究,对提高电主轴及支承轴承的工作性能和使用寿命具有重要的理论意义和实际应用价值。鉴于此,本文专门设计了一种高速角接触球轴承油气润滑试验台,为高速角接触球轴承油气润滑性能研究提供实验基础。主要研究内容如下:根据高速电主轴角接触球轴承油气润滑的实际工况,确定了高速角接触球轴承油气润滑试验台的功能要求和设计要求,制定了试验台总体设计方案。试验台主要由试验轴承测试结构、油气润滑系统、驱动系统、测控系统、冷却系统、加载系统等组成。并对试验轴承测试结构、传感器和油气润滑喷油嘴安装及其结构进行了详细设计。根据试验的目的和要求,设计了本试验台的测试和控制系统。对测试系统中温度传感、压强传感器、颜色传感器进行了功能确定和型号选择;对控制系统中油气润滑系统控制器、高速电主轴、变频器、冷却系统等进行了功能确定和型号选择。基于电磁场理论,研制了本试验台的非接触式电磁加载装置,该加载装置可以给试验轴承提供加载轴向载荷和径向载荷,也可以同时提供轴向、径向载荷。电磁加载装置主要由电磁铁芯、导磁环、导轨等主要零件构成,电磁铁芯结构是由U硅钢片叠制和线圈组成;导磁环设计为环形结构,材料选为导磁率较高的铁镍合金;导轨设计为燕尾环形铸铁导轨。该电磁加载装置实现了对试验轴承的非接触加载,在很大程度上减少高速电主轴带来的振动导致试验结果不准确的问题。
[Abstract]:Angular contact ball bearing is the main supporting mode of motorized spindle. Oil and gas lubrication is a new type of gas-liquid two-phase flow cooling lubrication technology developed in recent years. It has become the main lubrication mode of motor spindle angular contact ball bearings. However, under the complex and changeable operating conditions of the motorized spindle, friction and heat are still the main obstacles to further improve the performance of the motor spindle angular contact ball bearing, such as speed, precision and life. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance and practical application value to study the oil and gas lubrication of high-speed angular contact ball bearings for improving the working performance and service life of motorized spindle and bearing. In view of this, a high speed angular contact ball bearing oil and gas lubrication test bench is designed in this paper, which provides experimental basis for the study of oil and gas lubrication performance of high speed angular contact ball bearing. The main research contents are as follows: according to the actual conditions of oil and gas lubrication of high speed motorized spindle angular contact ball bearings, the functional requirements and design requirements of the high speed angle contact ball bearing oil and gas lubrication test bench are determined, and the overall design scheme of the test bed is established. The test bed consists of test structure, oil and gas lubrication system, drive system, measurement and control system, cooling system, loading system and so on. The test structure of the test bearing, the installation and structure of the sensor and oil-gas-lubricated injector are designed in detail. According to the purpose and requirement of the test, the test and control system is designed. The function and model selection of temperature sensor, pressure sensor and color sensor in the test system are carried out, and the oil and gas lubricating system controller, high speed motorized spindle, frequency converter in the control system are given. The cooling system was selected for function and model selection. Based on the theory of electromagnetic field, a non-contact electromagnetic loading device is developed, which can provide axial and radial loads, as well as axial and radial loads, to test bearings. The electromagnetic loading device is mainly composed of electromagnet core, magnetic guide ring, guide rail and other main parts. The electromagnet core structure is composed of U silicon steel sheet stack and coil, the conducting magnetic ring is designed as annular structure, and the material is chosen as Fe-Ni alloy with high magnetic conductivity. The guide rail is designed as a swallowtail ring cast iron guideway. The electromagnetic loading device realizes the non-contact loading of the test bearing and reduces the vibration caused by the high-speed motorized spindle to a great extent resulting in the inaccuracy of the test results.
【学位授予单位】：兰州理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH117.2;TH133.3

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